Page 338 - Design for Six Sigma a Roadmap for Product Development

308 Chapter Nine

We list the 40 principles for reference:

Principle 1: Segmentation
■ Divide an object into independent parts.
■ Make an object easy to disassemble.
■ Increase the degree of fragmentation (or segmentation) of an
object.
Principle 2: Taking out. Separate an “interfering” part (or property)
from an object, or single out the only necessary part (or property) of
an object.
Principle 3: Local quality
■ Change an object’s structure from uniform to nonuniform, or
change an external environment (or external influence) from uni-
form to nonuniform.
■ Make each part of an object function in conditions most suitable
for its operation.
■ Make each part of an object fulfill different and useful functions.
Principle 4: Asymmetry
■ Change the shape of an object from symmetric to asymmetric.
■ If an object is asymmetric, increase its degree of asymmetry.

Principle 5: Merging
■ Bring closer together (or merge) identical or similar objects;
assemble identical or similar parts to perform parallel operations.
■ Make operations contiguous or parallel, and bring them together
in time.
Principle 6: Universality. Make a part or object perform multiple
functions, to eliminate the need for other parts.
Principle 7: “Nested doll”
■ Place each object, in turn, inside another, larger object.
■ Make one part pass through a cavity in the other part.
Principle 8: Antiweight
■ To compensate for the weight of an object, merge it with other
objects that provide lift.
■ To compensate for the weight of an object, make it interact with
the environment (e.g., use aerodynamic, hydrodynamic, buoyancy,
and other forces).
Principle 9: Preliminary antiaction
■ If it will be necessary to perform an action with both harmful and
useful effects, this action should be replaced later with antiactions
to control harmful effects.