Page 341 - Design for Six Sigma a Roadmap for Product Development
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Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) 311
Principle 26: Copying
■ Instead of an unavailable, expensive, or fragile object, use simpler
and inexpensive copies of it.
■ Replace an object or process with its optical copies.
■ If visible optical copies are already used, move to infrared or ultra-
violet copies.
Principle 27: Cheap short-living. Replace an expensive object with
a multitude of inexpensive objects, compromising certain qualities
(e.g., service life).
Principle 28: Mechanical substitution
■ Replace a mechanical means with a sensory (optical, acoustic,
taste or smell) means.
■ Use electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields to interact with
the object.
■ Change from static to movable fields, from unstructured fields to
those having structure.
■ Use fields in conjunction with field-activated (e.g., ferromagnetic)
particles.
Principle 29: Pneumatics and hydraulics. Use gas and liquid parts
of an object instead of solid parts (e.g., inflatable, liquid-filled, air-
cushioned, hydrostatic, hydroreactive parts).
Principle 30: Flexible shells and thin films
■ Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three-dimensional
structures.
■ Isolate the object from the external environment using flexible
shells and thin films.
Principle 31: Porous materials
■ Make an object porous or add porous elements (inserts, coat-
ings, etc.).
■ If an object is already porous, use the pores to introduce a useful
substance or function.
Principle 32: Color changes
■ Change the color of an object or its external environment.
■ Change the transparency of an object or its external environment.
Principle 33: Homogeneity. Make objects interacting with a given
object of the same material (or a material with identical properties).
Principle 34: Discarding and recovering
■ Dispose of portions of an object that have fulfilled their function
(discard by dissolving, evaporating, etc.) or modify them directly
during operation.