Page 435 - Design of Simple and Robust Process Plants

422 Chapter 10 The Efficient Design and Continuous Improvement of High-quality Process Plants
± technical risks ± there are limits on the implementation of new designs or
techniques. In general, limited incremental developments are applied on cur-
rent technology to reduce the technical and related business risks.
. The quality of a project is only partly covered in a WP.
A work process defines:
± What should be done.
± When it should be done.
± Who should do it.
± Which procedure should be followed.

However, a work process does not indicate ªhowº to do it, in as much as it is not
covered in a procedure. The quality aspects of the design will be covered later in this
chapter, under ªValue-improving practicesº.

Project approach

Feasibility Conceptual Basic Detailed Construction Operation Demolition
Design Eng. Eng. Start-up

Definition phase
Fig. 10.5. Life span of a project.

10.3.1.3 Project phases
A project is in general executed in a number of phases (Figure 10.5):

. Feasibility
. Definition often this phase is split in two parts:
± Conceptual design
± Basic engineering
. Detailed engineering
. Construction.
. Operation and evaluation.
. Demolition
The descriptions of the steps and the functions will be different for among compa-
nies, as each company will have its own work process and different functions and
responsibilities (although such variations will not be large).

Remarks The definition phase is often divided in two phases: conceptual design;
and basic engineering. The overall differences are in the level of completeness.