Page 359 - Distillation theory

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CB644-IND CB644-Petlyuk-v1 March 16, 2004 17:0

Index 333

n-component mixtures phase diagrams
column design calculations for liquid-liquid, 16–17
direct and indirect splits, 224, 226–227 liquid-liquid-vapour, 15–16
intermediate splits, 227–239 phase equilibrium, 3
preferred splits, 242–243 pinch method, 172–173
splits with a distributed component, 225, pinch technology, 278
239–242 pinches, 24
splits with several distributed components, see also zones of constant concentration
242 pitchfork distillation boundary, 139–140
concentration simplex of, 2 pitchfork region, 139–140, 326
distillation, geometric interpretation of, pressure changes, application of, 308–309
25–26 product composition. See separation product
extractive distillation composition
reversible, trajectory bundles of, 100–102 product points
sharp, conditions for separability in, 187, feasible variant locations, 44
191–193 ideal ternary mixture, 44–45
feasible splits at R =∞ and N =∞,57 one-section column, 114
molar composition of, 1 two-section column, 117–119
non-local characteristics, 7 under infinite reflux per split type, 44, 45
product simplex algorithm for, 63–71 product regions
residue curve bundle structure: matrix defined, 326
description, 10–12 possible, 125–126
rule of connectedness use with, 55–56 under infinite reflux
testing for separability at R =∞ and N =∞, quaternary mixture, 46
55–57 ternary mixture, 44–45, 48–49
product simplexes
open evaporation process, 5–6 as analog of distillation subregion, 61
operating line equation, 24 defined, 49, 59–60, 61, 63, 326
feed points and, 67
pentane-hexane-heptane-octane mixture shapes per mixture type, 61
number of trays per column section for, pseudoproduct
236 composition equation, 171
section trajectories flow rate equation, 171
at quasisharp and nonsharp intermediate pseudoproduct points, 171–172, 175
splits, 234, 235, 237, 241 pumparound, 32
joining under minimum reflux, 156
two-section column calculation for, 233–236 quasisharp separation, 137–138, 221
Petlyuk columns
advantages of, 197 reboil ratio, 22
defined, 195, 197 recycling sequence schematics
design calculations for, 249–252 binary azeotropic mixture, 35
industrial applications, 197–198 ternary mixture, 36, 72
minimum reflux mode calculation for, reflux ratio, 22
204–206 region of possible product composition at sharp
research use and exploration of, 198–199 composition, 47–48
variations of, 197, 199 region of reversible distillation, 12, 84
petroleum mixtures residue curve bundles, 6, 7, 17, 42–43
crude oil column, 254 residue curves, 5–7, 41–42
peculiarities of, 312 reversible distillation
refining binary, liquid flow rate profiles of, 81
best complex for, 313–314 column peculiarities, 82–83
column schematics, 315, 316 column schematic, 33
complete system for, 314–317 column sequence, 81–82
light oil yield D/F per pressure, 314 defined, 33
modernization of units for, 317–318 essence of process, 78–79
yield D/F in vacuum in reduced crude, 317 extractive
separability, methods to increase, 312–313, intermediate section trajectories, 103
314 ternary mixture, diagrams of, 97–100