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              256    |    Chapter 10                                              ACE Pro India Pvt. Ltd.

                             ii.   in short forms to show that same letters (or numbers) in between have
                               been omitted
                               e.g., it’s = it is.
                                   I’m = I am

                                   the summer at ‘42 = the summer of 1942
                            iii.   to indicate with an ‘s’ the plural of letter, a figure or an abbreviation.
                               e.g., mind your p’s and q’s, during the 1990’s.

              Quotation Marks
                          Use quotation marks

                             i.   to indicate that the words following or preceding form direct speech.
                               e.g., ‘Why did you come late?’, he asked.
                               She answered, ‘I was held up in the traffic’.
                             ii.   to show that a certain expression is special.
                               e.g., ‘National security’ is quoted whenever cross-border terrorism gets
                               discussed.
                            iii.   to indicate titles of literary works.
                               e.g., Keats’ ‘Ode to Autumn’

              Italics

                          Use Italics
                             i.   to show emphasis.
                               e.g., You are answerable; not I.

                             ii.   to indicate titles of books, newspapers.
                               e.g., I read The Times daily
                            iii.   to indicate non-English words.
                               e.g., The poor can now build a pukka house.
                            iv.   to indicate your creatively concocted words, jargon et al.
                               e.g., Her in-between’s made the meeting lively.


              CLASSROOM-ORIENTED WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

                            Now that we have looked at the basic factors underlying written communica-
                            tion and are aware of the necessary details regarding its mechanics, let us look at
                            how we can channelize this data towards writing that is academics-oriented.







       Bhatnagar_Chapter 10.indd   256                                                   2011-06-23   7:53:38 PM
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