Page 439 - Effective Communication Soft Skills Strategies For Success by Nitin Bhatnagar, Mamta Bhatnagar

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Glossary | 427

Mass communication: Communication addressed to an extremely large audience which is
mediated by audio and/or visual transmitters, and which is processed by gatekeepers before
transmission.
Message: Any signal or combination of signals that serve as stimuli for a receiver.
Meta-communication: Communication about language.
Model: A physical representation of an object or process.
Narcotizing function of communication: The media’s function of providing receivers with
information, the knowledge of which, is in turn confused by receivers with doing something
about something.
Negative feedback: Feedback that serves a corrective function by informing the sources that
his or her message is not being received in the way intended.
Noise: Anything that distorts the message intended by the source.
Object language: Language that is used to communicate about objects, events, and relations
in the world; the structure of the object language is described in a meta-language; the display
of physical objects, for example, flower arranging, the colours and colthes we wear.
Olfactory communication: Communication by smell.
Paralanguage: The vocal (but non-verbal) aspect of speech paralanguage consists of voice
qualities (for example, pitch-range, resonance, tempo), vocal characterizers (for example,
laughing/crying/yelling/whispering), vocal qualifiers (‘no’, or ‘sh’ meaning silence).
Paradigm: A philosophical and theoretical framework of a scientific school or discipline
within which theories, laws, and generalizations and the experiments performed in support
of them are formulated.
Perception: The process of becoming aware of objects and events from the senses.
Persuasion: The process of influencing attitudes and behavior.
Phatic communication: A type of speech in which ties of union are created by a mere
exchange of words.
Pictic: The study of the pictorial code of communication.
Pitch: The highness and lowness of the vocal tone.
Positive feedback: Feedback that supports or reinforces behaviour along the lines it is already
proceeding in, for example, applause during a speech.
Postulate: A postulate, like a proposition, is assumed and functions as a primary statement
in a theory.
Proxemics: Study of patterns of interpersonal distance in face to face encounters.
Proposition: A primary statement of a theory.
Public communication: Communication in which the source is one person and the receiver
is an audience comprising of many persons.
Public speaking: Communication which occurs when a speaker delivers a relatively prepared,
continuous address in specific setting to a large audience that provides little immediate
feedback.

Bhatnagar_Glossary.indd 427 2011-06-23 8:11:33 PM
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