Page 444 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd Chemical Engineering

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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN013A-619 July 26, 2001 19:32

Pulp and Paper

Raymond A. Young Robert Kundrot
University of Wisconsin-Madison Koppers Company

David A. Tillman
Envirosphere Company, A Division of Ebasco Services
Incorporated

I. Introduction
II. Furnish for Pulp and Paper
III. Chemical Pulping
IV. Mechanical Pulping of Wood
V. Bleaching of Wood Pulps
VI. Papermaking
VII. Recycling in Pulp and Paper

GLOSSARY upon the composition of the top liner, filler, and back
liner.
Alpha-cellulose Alpha-cellulose, also known as chemi- Burst strength Measure of the ability of a sheet to resist
cal cellulose, is a highly refined, insoluble cellulose rupture when pressure is applied to one of its sides
from which all sugars, pectin, lignin, and other soluble by a specified instrument, under specific conditions. A
materials have been removed. It is commonly used in burst factor is obtained by dividing the burst strength
the production of nitrocellulose, carboxymethylcellu- in grams per square centimeter by the basis weight of
lose, dissolving pulps, and other compounds. the sheet in grams per square meter.
Bleaching Chemical process in pulping that removes or Cellulose Cellulose is the main polysaccharide in living
alters the remaining lignin after the pulping process and plants and trees, forming its skeletal structure. Cellu-
improve the brightness and stability of the pulp. lose is a polymer of B–D–glucose with an approximate
Boxboard General term designating the paperboard used degree of polymerization (DP) from 2000 to4000 units.
for fabricating boxes. It may be made of wood pulp Cord Measure of roundwood or pulpwood representing
3
or paper stocks or any combinations of these and a stack of such wood 4 ft × 4ft × 8ftor128ft .
may be plain, lined, or clay coated. Terminology Dissolving pulp Dissolving pulps are also referred to as
used to classify boxboard grades is normally based chemical cellulose. This pulp is taken into solution

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