Page 6 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd Chemical Engineering

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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN001H-01 May 7, 2001 16:18

Absorption (Chemical Engineering) 3

TABLE I Common Commercial Applications of Gas Absorption
Type of plant Feed gas Solutes Solvent Commercial purpose Stripping practice
Refineries, natural Refinery gas, Hydrogen sulfide, Ethanolamines, Gas purification for Stripping practiced
gas plants, natural gas, LPG carbon dioxide, alkaline solutions, downstream processing when using
petrochemical towns gas, coal mercaptans potassium carbonate or to achieve product ethanolamines or
plants, coal gas, hydrogen specifications carbonate for the
processing plants, reformer gas purpose of solvent
hydrogen plants recovery and recyle;
stripping normally
not practiced when using
an alkaline solution
Combustion plants Combustion gases Sulfur dioxide Water, alkaline Pollutant removal Stripping normally not
solutions practiced
Natural gas plants Natural gas Water Glycol Gas drying for further Stripping practiced
processing or to for solvent recovery
achieve product
specification
Refineries, natural Gas stream LPG, gasolines Kerosene, diesel, gas Product recovery of LPG, Stripping practiced for
gas plants, containing mostly oil, other refinery gasolines LPG and gasoline
petrochemical hydrogen, methane, oils recovery
plants and light gases as
well as some LPG
and gasolines
Coke ovens Coke oven gas Benzene, toluene Heavy oil By-product recovery Stripping practiced
to recover the
by-product
Sulfuric acid Sulfur trioxide Sulfur trioxide Sulfuric acid, oleum Sulfuric acid manufacture Stripping not practiced
mixed with
oxygen and
nitrogen
Nitric acid Nitrogen dioxide Nitrous oxides Nitric acid, water Nitric acid manufacture Stripping not practiced
mixed with
nitrogen oxide,
oxygen, nitrogen
Carbon dioxide Combustion gases, Carbon dioxide Carbonate, Carbon dioxide Stripping practiced
kiln gases bicarbonate production to recover carbon dioxide
solution
Hydrochloric acid By-products of Hydrogen chloride Hydrochloric acid, Hydrochloric acid Stripping not practiced
chlorination water production
reaction
Soda ash (sodium) Combustion gases, Carbon dioxide Ammonia solution Ammonium bicarbonate Stripping not practiced
carbonate), lime-kiln gases production, ammonium
mineral carbonate production
processing
Soda ash (sodium Waste gases, Ammonia Brine solution Production of ammonium Stripping not practiced
carbonate), ammonia hydroxide for
mineral makeup ammonium bicarbonate
processing production
Hydrogen cyanide Tail gases, ammonia, Ammonia Sulfuric acid Ammonia removal Stripping not practiced
hydrogen cyanide while producing
ammonium sulfate
by-product
Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen cyanide Water Separation of hydrogen Stripping is practiced
acrylonitrile tail gases, acrylnitrile cyanide and to recover hydrrogen
acrylonitrile acrylonitrile from cyanide and acrylonitrile
tail gases from water

Continues