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CHAPTER 6

Toxic Waste From Biodiesel

Production Industries and Its

Utilization

G. Vignesh, Debabrata Barik
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India

6.1 INTRODUCTION
The broad utilization of fossil fuels has created environmental issues, such
as environmental pollution and global warming. The replacement of
petroleum-based products for renewable biofuels is a necessity [1]. The work
of biofuels from natural feedstocks is a significant choice since they can be
produced economically from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. Biodiesel
is the name given to the fatty alkyl esters delivered after transesterification
of unsaturated fats utilizing methanol or ethanol within the sight of a cat-
alyst, for example, sodium hydroxide. To derive biodiesel, oils from various
sources can be utilized. They are acquired from plants oil (palm, sunflower,
soybean, and so forth) or animal fats (chicken, pork, fish, and hamburger).
Since biodiesel can be derived utilizing various types of plant or animal oil,
its generation can be produced in many places the world over.
The biodiesel production in large quantities also generates the significant
quantity of residues or by-products which cannot be used in the biodiesel
generation process. Subsequently, new applications to treat and utilize these
by-products have turned into an important topic. In biodiesel, the most con-
siderable deposits and by-products are glycerol, biodiesel washing waters,
methanol, and solid deposits [2]. Glycerol is the by-product that creates the
biggest intrigue, since it can involve the maximum revenue for the biodiesel
market. Glycerol is the principle by-product from biodiesel transesterifica-
tion. However, the glycerol derived from biodiesel has low quality and low
cost and its purification for auxiliary applications is economically unviable.
The significant deposit produced by the biodiesel production is the bio-
diesel washing water from the biodiesel cleaning process. This large quantity
of deposits is connected with the disposal and atmospheric issues, because

Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation © 2019 Elsevier Ltd.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102528-4.00006-7 All rights reserved. 69