Page 72 - Engineering Plastics Handbook

46 Introduction

ASTM D4440-01 (ISO 6721-10), “Rheological Measurements of
Polymer Melt Using Dynamic Mechanical Procedures”
ASTM D4473-01, “Standard Test Methods for Plastics: Dynamic
Mechanical Properties: Cure Behavior”
ASTM D5023-01 (ISO 6721-3), “Standard Test Measuring the Dynamic
Mechanical Properties of Plastics in Flexure Using Three Point Bending”
ASTM D5024-01: “Standard Test Methods for Plastics: Dynamic
Mechanical Properties: In Compression”
D5026-01 (ISO 6721-5), “Standard Test Method for Measuring Dynamic
Mechanical Properties of Plastics in Tension”
ASTM D5279-01 (ISO 6721), “Measuring the Dynamic Mechanical
Properties of Plastics in Torsion”
ASTM D5418-01, “Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic
Mechanical Properties: In Flexural Dual Cantilever Beam”
ASTM E1640, “Standard Test Method for Assignment of Glass
Transition Temperature by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis”

Information on storage modulus, loss modulus, and DMA is found in
Chap. 2, “Products and Designs,” and Chap. 4, “Processes.”
University of Maryland Computer Aided Life Cycle Engineering
(CALCE) Electronic Products and Systems Center provides an exam-
ple of polymeric materials characterization using dynamic mechanical
analytical instrumentation [2]. The instruments evaluate dynamic
mechanical properties including creep, stress relaxation, modulus,
stress-to-strain ratio, and viscosity from −100 to 500°C (−148 to 932°F).
®
Dynamic mechanical analyzers such as Rheometrics Solid Analyzer
TM
(RSA II) are used to estimate dynamic mechanical properties. CALCE
includes ISTHMUS TFA (thin film analyzer) instrumentation. The
MTS Dynamic Testing System TFA involves a computer system to
measure electronic laminate creep, stress relaxation, strain, elastic
modulus, yield strength, stiffness, dimensional stability, and fatigue
over a range of humidities. When an MTS environmental chamber such
as model 651.06D-03 is included, the evaluation can characterize a
polymeric material response to stress over a wide range of temperatures
and loads [2].
®
TA Instruments ARES rheometers measure controlled strain and con-
trolled stress by using two technologies: combined motor and transducer
(CMT) and separate motor and transducer (SMT). The company’s rheome-
TM
ter instrument controls using Ochestrator software include
1. Stress and strain by dynamic (sinusoidal) oscillation at different fre-
quencies, times, and temperatures, and multiwave sweeps