Page 340 - From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy

Internet of things for smart grid applications Chapter 7 303

characteristics in eight issues as auto-configuration, function and management
capabilities separation, highly distributed systems, network communication,
network management and operation, real-time capability, self-description,
and service subscription. On the other hand, IoT service characteristics are
described as content-awareness, context-awareness, and timeliness that
content-awareness describes the property of being aware of information in an
IoT component and its associated metadata. The content-awareness property
enables devices and services to adapt interfaces, abstract application data,
improve information retrieval, discover services, and appropriate user interac-
tions. The context-awareness defines the property of an IoT device, service or
system being able to monitor its own operating environment. The determined
information on events within that environment are provided in when (time
awareness), where (location awareness), or in what order (awareness of
sequence of events). The context-awareness enables flexible, user-customized
and autonomic services based on the related context of IoT components and/or
users. Context information is used as the basis for taking actions in response to
observations, possibly through the use of sensor information and actuators. To
fully utilize an observation and effect an action, the understanding of context is
often critical.
IoT component characteristics are described as composability, discoverabil-
ity, modularity, network connectivity, shareability, unique identification.
Besides these characteristics. On the other hand, IoT system requirements
are listed as compatibility, usability, flexibility manageability robustness secu-
rity and protection of personally identifiable information that all defined prop-
erty are described to ensure interoperability of heterogenous technologies
within a unique infrastructure. To address the standardization and interoperabil-
ity challenges, ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 standard has been described that is
also used by Industrial Internet Consortium to define Industrial Internet Archi-
tecture Framework (IIAF) [32, 70, 71]. Although there are many researches
have presented descriptions on interoperability, the improved applications
and services should comply with aforementioned standards.

References

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