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84 From smart grid to internet of energy

TABLE 2.3 Widely used ANSI standards for communication and AMI
applications
Standard Network layer Function
ANSI C12.18 Communication Data transfer by using
protocol point-to-point (P2P)
Protocol specification for ANSI type
2 optical port protocol
ANSI C12.19 Data model Metering data model in
tables
Utility industry end device data
tables
ANSI C12.21 Communication Modem based P2P data
protocol transfer protocol
Protocol s pecification for telephone
modem communication
ANSI C12.22 Communication C12.22 network-based
protocol data transfer
Protocol specification for interfacing
to data communication networks

The standard data structure of transmitted information is defined as sets of
tables in C12.19 standard that each table is grouped into sections named as
decades. ANSI C12.21 Protocol Specification for Telephone Modem Commu-
nication is designed similar to C12.18 where the transmission medium is tele-
phone networks instead of optical ports. C12.21 defines communication points
as C12.21 Device and C12.21 Client where client may be a computer, a master
station or electronic communication device integrated to switched telephone
network to install a connection with C12.21 Device. Later, C12.22 standard
has been developed to accommodate data communication for AMI applications
as its name Protocol Specification for Interfacing to Data Communication Net-
works implies. C12.22 standard defined protocol specifications considering
four communication modes in operation. The communication modes deal with
End Device or node definition, point-to-point (P2P) interface, one-way trans-
mission, and End Device communication over optical ports. The first operation
mode requires device or node implementation that complies with C12.22
descriptions. In the second operation mode, interface requires a C12.22 device
such as smart meters and a C12.22 Communication Module as network device.
The third operation mode is based on data acquisition, translation and transmis-
sion in one-way. The fourth operation mode is essential for communicating with
C12.18 Type 2 optical local ports [5, 14].

2.4.2 AMI security
The deployment of an AMI infrastructure relies on deciding to possible technol-
ogy, installation, operation and maintenance. The metering operations should