Page 123 - Fundamentals of Air Pollution

V. Emission Inventory 93

pollutants in such area, including such periodic revisions as the Administrator may
determine necessary to assure that the requirements of this part are met.
"IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION.—Such plan provisions shall ex-
pressly identify and quantify the emissions, if any, of any such pollutant or pollutants
which will be allowed, from the construction and operation of major new or modified
stationary sources in each such area. The plan shall demonstrate to the satisfaction
of the Administrator that the emissions quantified for this purpose will be consistent
with the achievement of reasonable further progress and will not interfere with the
attainment of the applicable national ambient air quality standard by the applicable
attainment date.

A. Inventory Techniques
To develop an emission inventory for an area, one must (1) list the types
of sources for the area, such as cupolas, automobiles, and home fireplaces;
(2) determine the type of air pollutant emission from each of the listed
sources, such as particulates and SO 2 ; (3) examine the literature (9) to find
valid emission factors for each of the pollutants of concern (e.g., "particulate
emissions for open burning of tree limbs and brush are 10 kg per ton of
residue consumed"); (4) through an actual count, or by means of some
estimating technique, determine the number and size of specific sources
in the area (the number of steelmaking furnaces can be counted, but the
number of home fireplaces will probably have to be estimated); and
(5) multiply the appropriate numbers from (3) and (4) to obtain the total emis-
sions and then sum the similar emissions to obtain the total for the area.
A typical example will illustrate the procedure. Suppose we wish to
determine the amount of carbon monoxide from oil furnaces emitted per
day, during the heating season, in a small city of 50,000 population:
1. The source is oil furnaces within the boundary area of the city.
2. The pollutant of concern is carbon monoxide.
3. Emission factors for carbon monoxide are listed in various ways (9)
(240 gm per 1000 liters of fuel oil, 50 gm per day per burner, 1£% by
volume of exhaust gas, etc.). For this example, use 240 gm per 1000
liters of fuel oil.
4. Fuel oil sales figures, obtained from the local dealers association,
average 40,000 liters per day.
5.?§OMlCO x4M001iters = 9 6
1000 liters day ° J

B. Emission Factors
Valid emission factors for each source of pollution are the key to the
emission inventory. It is not uncommon to find emission factors differing
by 50%, depending on the researcher, variables at the time of emission
measurement, etc. Since it is possible to reduce the estimating errors in the