Page 222 - Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design

204 Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design

TABLE 6.6 Mass Spectra From a Hydrogen-Helium Mix Analysis in a Fusion
Reactor

Atomic mass (Da) Ions Required resolution
1 H + –
+
2 D ; H 2 + 1260
+
+ 3
3 (T He ); HD + 520
+ +
HD ; H 3 1950
+ 3
T ; He + 150,000
+
4 4 He ; HT + 190
+ +
HT ; D 2 970
+
D 2 ; H 2 D + 2700
+
5 DT ; D 2 H + 3250
+
D 2 H ; H 2 T + 1160
6 T 2 ; D 3 + 1020
+
+
D 3 ; HDT + 1400
+
7 T 2 H ; D 2 T + 1630
8 T 2 D + –
+
9 T 3 ; (HOH) ++ 225
One important factor to be considered in the design of the MFR vacuum
and diagnostic systems is the gaseous medium current composition. It seems
4
3
that only the fuel components (H, D, T, He and He) and some gaseous admix-
tures are expected to occur in the chamber after a D–T plasma experiment, but
with fragment and associated ion peaks accounted for, a gaseous medium mass
spectrum is much wider (Table 6.6). One must take this into consideration when
developing a numerical identification code [17].
6.7 MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF HIGH-VACUUM
SYSTEMS

The vacuum systems of MFRs and other electrophysical facilities generally
employ embedded sorbent surfaces and spatially oriented gas flows. As some of
gas molecules moving in such flows have a direction in space, the pressure field
becomes non-uniform, adding ambiguity to the well-known kinetic molecular
theory relationships. Any mass transfer analysis in such systems, using a core
notion of pressure and derivative notions is physically inconsistent. Therefore,
a correct application of the vacuum engineering conventional conceptual frame-
work is only possible with respect to systems where molecular chaos domi-
nates. Moreover, many research and engineering problems cannot be solved
using the ‘classic’ tools. These include the analysis of molecular concentra-
tion distribution in objects being vacuumed, surface-action/multicomponent