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28                     Fundamentals of Probability and Statistics for Engineers

                                                                          ABC
                                                          C (0.95)

                                                                          ABC
                                                           C (0.05)
                                      B (0.95)
                                                            C (0.1)       ABC

                   A (0.4)
                                            B (0.05)
                                                            C (0.9)       ABC

                                                            C (0.95)      ABC
                                         B (0.1)
                  A (0.6)
                                                                          ABC
                                                             C (0.05)
                                                             C (0.1)
                                        B (0.9)
                                                                          ABC

                                                            C (0.9)
                                                                          ABC
                                  Figure 2.9  Atree diagram

           REFERENCE

           Todhunter, I., 1949, A History of the Mathematical Theory of Probability from the Time
            of Pascal to Laplace, Chelsea, New York.



           FURTHER READING

           More accounts of early development of probability theory related to gambling can be
           found in
           David, F.N., 1962, Games, Gods, and Gambling, Hafner, New York.


           PROBLEMS

           2.1  Let A,  B, and C be arbitrary sets. Determine which of the following relations are
              correct and which are incorrect:
              (a) ABC ˆ AB C [ B).
              (b) AB ˆ A [ B.
              (c) A [ B ˆ A B.
              (d)  A [ B)C ˆ A BC.








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