Page 314 - Global Tectonics

CHAPTER 10
298
Mantle
Crust
6
5
Buoyancy force
Tectonic force
4
Distance (km/100)
3
2
Slip layer
1
0
0.5
1.5
0
1.5
0.5
1
Depth (km/100)
Mantle
Crust
Asthenosphere
no-shear B.C.
Deformable grid
4 Null velocity B.C. 1 Crust 12 10 8 6 0.5 Mantle Distance (km/100) 0 Depth (km/100) 0.5 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Distance (km/100) Carnegie R. Nazca. R. J.F.R. Taitao T.J. 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Profile # Nazca Antarctic Plate Plate (a) Trench topography for 15 profiles
a b c d e
50 dip 0 40 20 dip 0 50 (Ma) 0 10 5 (cm a ) 0 0.02 0.01 (10 Pa s) 0
velocity B.C.
Buoyancy Force Convergence 2 (c) 100–300 km 0–100 km age 1 Convergence 22 Slip visc.
2 1 0 1 0
(b) Depth (km/100)
Profile: 15 Profile: 14 Profile: 13 Profile: 12 Profile: 11 Profile: 10 Profile: 9 Profile: 8 Profile: 7 Profile: 6 Profile: 5 Profile: 4 Profile: 3 Profile: 2 Profile: 1
100 km 2004 American Geophysical Union). T.J., triple junction; J.F.R., Juan Fernández Ridge.
3 N 0 S 4 S 7 S 11 S 15 S 18 S 21 S 24 S 28 S 33 S 35 S 41 S 46 S 52 S 10 km
100 km 100 km
Figure 10.8

(a)