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iv • Contents

Cradle to Cradle .........................................................................21
The Natural Step ........................................................................22
Corporate Social Responsibility and the Green Project
Manager ......................................................................................23
Biodegradable .............................................................................25
Greenwashing ............................................................................26
Triple Bottom Line ................................................................... 28
Eco Audit ................................................................................... 28
Reduce, Redesign, Reuse, Recycle ...........................................29
Renewable Energy .................................................................... 30
Wind ...................................................................................... 30
Solar ....................................................................................... 30
Geothermal ............................................................................31
Sustainable Biomass .............................................................32
Wave Motion and Tides .......................................................35
SMARTER Objectives ...............................................................35
Endnotes .....................................................................................37

chapter 3 Understanding Green Project Fundamentals ................ 39

Green, Quality, and Greenality ...............................................39
Reducing Nonproduct Output ................................................ 43
The Project Management Institute and Greenality ..............45
Cost of Greenality .....................................................................47
Project Life Cycle Thinking .................................................... 48
Project Cycle of Sustainability .................................................49
Environmental Scope ................................................................50
Environmental Risks ................................................................50
Stakeholders ...............................................................................51
Endnotes .....................................................................................51

chapter 4 Types of Projects: A Rainbow of Green .......................... 53

Green by Definition .................................................................. 54
Green by Project Impact (or the Lack Thereof) ................... 60
On the Sea ............................................................................. 60
Going Underground .............................................................61
Green by Product Impact .........................................................62
Green—General .........................................................................65