Page 276 - Handbook of Biomechatronics

270 Georgios A. Bertos and Evangelos G. Papadopoulos

Table 2 Overview of Different Prostheses
Type Name of Prosthesis, Institute, Country Year

A/K Agonist-antagonist active knee prosthesis, Massachusetts 2008
Institute of Technology, United States
A/K University of Sakarya, Adapazari, Turkey 2008
A/K Waterloo Active Prosthetic Knee, University of Waterloo, 2008
Canada
A/K Hebei University of Technology, China 2010
A/K ETH Zurich, Switzerland 2011
A/K The University of Alabama, United States 2011
A/K Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical 2012
Engineering, United States
A/K University of Rhode Island, United States 2012
B/K Bionic ankle-foot prosthesis, Massachusetts Institute of 2006
Technology, United States
B/K SPARKy, Arizona State University, United States 2008
B/K IPAM (intelligent Prosthesis using Artificial Muscles), Vrije 2008
Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
B/K Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium 2009
B/K PANTOE 1, Peking University, China 2010
B/K Marquette University, Milwaukee, United States 2010
B/K Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Ishikawa, Japan 2011
B/K AMP-foot 2.0, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium 2012
B/K Vanderbilt Transtibial Prosthesis, Vanderbilt University, 2013
United States
A/K+B/K Vanderbilt Transfemoral Prosthesis, Vanderbilt University, 2009
United States
A/K+B/K University of Brası ´lia, Brazil 2009
A/K+B/K SmartLeg, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2011
A/K+B/K Cyberleg alpha, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium 2013
The prosthesis are classified as above-knee (A/K), below-knee (B/K) and combined knee-and-ankle
prosthesis (A/K+B/K).
From Windrich, M., Grimmer, M., Christ, O., Rinderknecht, S., Beckerle, P. (2016). Active lower limb
prosthetics: a systematic review of design issues and solutions. Biomed. Eng. Online, 15(Suppl. 3), 140.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-016-0284-9.

6.4.1 BIOM Ankle MIT
Hugh Herr from the MIT Biomechatronics Group of Media Lab has
developed a mechatronic prosthetic ankle (BIOM) that enables amputees
to walk, run, dance, and climb (Au et al., 2007, 2008; Eilenberg et al.,
2010; Rouse et al., 2015), Fig. 20. BIOM was using a series elastic actuator
and magnetorheological fluid technology for adjustable damping. This