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Introduction                                                  21


                       Retraction of all possible constraints from the early stages of
                                     the design process
                                                          Causality

                             Design                       Discipline
                           specification                   analogy

                     Experience  Designer                  Causal
                     knowledge                            structures




                                            Ideal conceptual
                                              design



                                 Subsystem   Subsystem  Subsystem

                                           Causal feedback
                     Causal structure must be established. The effect of constraints is not limited to
                                      individual subsystems
                      Causal relationships enhanced understanding of connectivities and casual
                        feedback. conventional trial & error and iteration necessary to satisfy
                            constraints are eliminated or re-structured & reduced.
              Fig. 5 Retraction of all possible constraints from the early stages of the design process.



              12.2 Intuition and Creativity in ICD

              During system evaluation stage of a design, solution variants may be com-
              pared against some form of a criterion function manifested in the shape of
              mathematical functions or a series of statements and figures or a list of objec-
              tives. Adoption of ICD as the criterion function, on the other hand, could
              provide a solid platform to make quantitative comparisons among solution
              variants. The proposition rests on the distinction made by the systems
              approach between the stages of solution variant identification and solution
              evaluation. Although such distinctions are commonly quite valid, there is no
              analytical structure to the content of evaluation stage. The efficient approach
              to any design problem is to design an ideal conceptual system irrespective
              of any energy domain that may be involved. The proposed design can
              then be analyzed to establish the fundamental characteristics of the model.
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