Page 281 - Handbook of Energy Engineering Calculations

FIGURE 7 Cross section of a propeller (Kaplan) type of hydraulic-
turbine installation.

FIGURE 8 Axial-flow tube-type hydraulic-turbine installation.

Calculation Procedure:

1. Determine the potential power output of the site
The basic relation for a hydroelectric turbine output, P, in kilowatts is P =
3
QH/11.8, where Q = water flow in cfs (m /s), H = static head on the turbine,
ft (m). In SI units the denominator = 0.102. Substituting, P = (575 cfs) (300
ft)/11.8 = 14,619 kW at average conduit flow. At maximum flow, using the
same relation, P = 17,161 kW.

2. Evaluate the choice of this site for a hydroelectric plant

The competitive position of a hydro project must be judged by the cost and
reliability of the output at the point of use or market. In most hydro
developments, the bulk of the investment is in structures for the collection,

control, regulation, and disposal of the water. Electrical transmission
frequently adds a substantial financial burden because of remoteness of the
hydro site from the market. The incremental cost for waterwheels, generators,
switches, yard, transformers, and water conduit is often a smaller fraction of