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Section 1.6
                                                   POLYMER LASERS



                         1.6.1  Introduction
                            Polymer lasers encompass many different material compositions, active species (organic
                         dyes), and forms (bulk, rods, fibers, films). In this section these are separated into pure
                         polymer lasers, dye-doped polymer lasers (including host-to-dye energy tranfer), and rare-
                         earth-doped polymer lasers. Liquid polymer lasers are covered in Section 2.3.



                                        Further Reading—Pure Polymer Lasers
                         Dodabalapur, A., Chanddross, E. A., Berggren, M., and Slusher, R. L. Organic solid-state
                             lasers: past and future, Science 277, 1787 (1997).

                         Friend, R. H., Denton, G. J., Halls, J. J. M. et al., Electronic excitations in luminescent
                             conjugated polymers, Solid State Commun. 102, 249 (1997).


                         Frolov, S. V., Shkunov, M., Fujii, A., Yoshino, K., and Vardeny, Z. V., Lasing and
                             stimulated emission in  p-conjugated polymers,  IEEE  J.  Quantum  Electron.  36,  2
                             (2000).
                         Heeger, A. J., Light emission from semiconducting polymers: Light-emitting diodes, light-
                             emitting  electrochemical  cells,  lasers,  and  white  light  for  the  future,  Solid  State
                             Commun. 107, 673 (1998).

                         Hide, F., Diaz-Garcia, M. A., Schwartz, B. J., Andersson, M. R., Pei, Q., and Heeger, A.
                             J., Semiconducting polymers: a new class of solid-state laser materials, Science 273,
                             1833 (1996).

                         Jenekje, S. A. and Wynne, K. J., Eds., Photonic and Optoelectronic Polymers, American
                             Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1997).

                         Lemmer, U., Stimulated emission and lasing in conjugated polymers, Polym. Adv. Technol.
                             9, 476 (1998).




                                    Further Reading—Dye Doped Polymer Lasers
                         Bezrodnyi, V. I., Bondar, M. V., Kozak, G. Yu., Przhonskaya, O. V., and Tikhonov, E.
                             A., Dye-activated  polymer  media  for  frequency-tunable  lasers  (review),  Zh.  Prikl.
                             Spektrosk. (USSR) 50, 711 (1989).

                         Bezrodnyi, V. I., Przhonskaya, O. V., Tikhonov, E. A., Bondar, M. V., and Shpak, M.
                             T., Polymer active and passive laser elements made of organic dyes, Sov. J. Quantum
                             Electron. 12, 1602 (1982).

                         Dodabalapur, A., Chanddross, E. A., Berggren, M., and Slusher, R. L. Organic solid-state
                             lasers: past and future, Science 277, 1787 (1997).







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