Page 193 - Handbook of Structural Steel Connection Design and Details

Welded Joint Design and Production

178 Chapter Three

requirements range from 100- to 130-ksi tensile and 90- to 100-ksi
yield. When welding, the heat input must be controlled and specific
minimum and maximum levels of heat input are required.
Additionally, a low-hydrogen process is required.
ASTM A516: Covers carbon steel plates intended primarily for
service in welded pressure vessels where improved notch toughness
is important. These plates are furnished in four grades with
strength requirements ranging from 55- to 90-ksi tensile and 30- to
38-ksi yield.
ASTM A572: Includes six grades of high-strength–low-alloy struc-
tural steels in shapes, plates, and bars used in buildings and
bridges. These steels offer a choice of strength levels ranging from
42- to 65-ksi yields. Proprietary HSLA steels of this type with 70-
and 75-ksi yield points are also available. Increasing care is
required for welding these steels as the strength level increases.
A572 steels are distinguished from other HSLA steels by their
columbium, vanadium, and nitrogen content.
A supplementary requirement is included in the specification
that permits designating the specific alloying elements required in
the steel. Examples are the type 1 designation, for columbium; type 2,
for vanadium; type 3, for columbium and vanadium; and type 4, for
vanadium and nitrogen. Specific grade designations must accompa-
ny this type of requirement.
ASTM A588: Covers high-strength–low-alloy structural steel
shapes, plates, and bars for welded, riveted, or bolted connection.
However, it is intended primarily for use in welded bridges and
buildings in its unpainted condition, since the atmospheric corro-
sion resistance in most environments is substantially better than
that of carbon steels. When properly exposed to the atmosphere,
this steel can be used bare (unpainted) for many applications.
If the steel is to be painted, a low-hydrogen electrode without
special corrosion resistance can be used. However, if the steel is to
remain bare, then an electrode must be selected that has similar
corrosion characteristics.
ASTM A709: Covers carbon and high-strength–low-alloy steel
structural shapes, plates, and bars and quenched and tempered
alloy steel for structural plates intended for use in bridges. Six
grades are available in four yield strength levels of 36, 50, 70, and
100 ksi. Grades 50W, 70W, and 100W have enhanced atmospheric
corrosion resistance. From a welding point of view, these grades are
essentially the same as A36, A572, A852, and A514, respectively.
ASTM A710: Covers low-carbon age-hardening nickel-copper-
chromium-molybdenum-columbium, nickel-copper-columbium, and

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