Page 46 - Handbook of Structural Steel Connection Design and Details

Fasteners and Welds for Structural Connections

Fasteners and Welds for Structural Connections 31

Figure 1.14 Profiles as groove welds.

diameter is desirable for depositing weld metal to compensate for size
deficiencies.
AWS D1.1 limits convexity C to the values in Table 1.11.
Weld-quality requirements should depend on the job the welds are to
do. Excessive requirements are uneconomical. Size, length, and pene-
tration are always important for a stress-carrying weld and should com-
pletely meet design requirements. Undercutting, on the other hand,
should not be permitted in main connections, such as those in trusses
and bracing, but small amounts might be permitted in less important
connections, such as those in platform framing for an industrial build-
ing. Type of electrode, similarly, is important for stress-carrying welds
but not so critical for many miscellaneous welds. Again, poor appearance
of a weld is objectionable if it indicates a bad weld or if the weld will be
exposed where aesthetics is a design consideration, but for many types
of structures, such as factories, warehouses, and incinerators, the
appearance of a good weld is not critical. A sound weld is important, but
a weld entirely free of porosity or small slag inclusions should be
required only when the type of loading actually requires this perfection.
Welds may be inspected by one or more methods: visual inspection;
nondestructive tests, such as ultrasonic, x-ray, dye penetration, magnetic

TABLE 1.11 AWS D1.1 Limits on Convexity of Fillet
Welds
Measured leg size or
width of surface bead, in Maximum convexity, in
5 1
⁄16 or less ⁄16
5
Over ⁄16 but less than 1 1 ⁄8
1 or more 3 ⁄16

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