Page 279 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

L1644_C06.fm Page 252 Monday, October 20, 2003 12:06 PM

TABLE 6.7
Damage-Assigning Matrix for External Environmental Cost (EEC) in U.S.$

PCD
kg D/Fs kg
Relevant Region and PM kg kg kg kg ng kg kg NO
process source kWh tkm 10 As Cd Ni VOC TEQ CO SO 2 2
Electricity Spain a 0.040 0.00 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0
Transport South Europe b 0.00 0.31 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0
CaO Tarragona, 0.00 0.00 23 3.0 27 61 0.73 2.6 ¥ 1.03 13 11
site-specific 10 -8
transfer
Ash treatment Tarragona, 0.00 0.00 23 3.0 27 61 0.73 2.6 ¥ 1.03 13 11
site-specific 10 -8
transfer
Scrap-metal UWM c 0.00 0.00 14 156 19 2.6 0.73 1.7 x 0.00 13 19
recycling 10 -5 2
Incineration Tarragona, 0.00 0.00 23 3.0 27 61 0.73 2.6 x 1.03 13 11
site-specific 10 -8
a CIEMAT, ExternE national implementation Spain — final report, Contract JOS3-CT95-0010, Madrid,
1997.
b Friedrich, R. et al., External Costs of Transport, Forschungsbericht Band 46, IER, Universität Stuttgart,
Germany, 1998.
c Rabl, A. et al., Waste Manage. Res., 16(4), 368–388, 1998

TABLE 6.8
Damage-Assigning Matrix for Relative Exceedance Weighted (REW) Area
in km 2
Relevant process Region and source kg NO 2 kg SO 2

Electricity — — —
Transport — — —
CaO Tarragona, site-specific factor 1.31 ¥ 10 –5 1.36 ¥ 10 –6
Ash treatment — — —
Scrap-metal Tarragona, site-specific factor 1.31 ¥ 10 –5 1.36 ¥ 10 –6
recycling
Incineration Tarragona, site-specific 1.31 ¥ 10 –5 1.36 ¥ 10 –5

ecological damage parameter, only a few accurate values in the weighted eco-matrix
are known. For the REW ecosystem area, the diagonal elements sum up to
2
0.0155 km per TJ electricity — a relative small value because the studied region is
not sensitive to acidification. For the GWP, a weighted eco-vector is obtained. The

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