Page 351 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

L1644_C08.fm Page 315 Tuesday, October 21, 2003 3:03 PM

TABLE 8.8
Stages’ Contribution (%) in Each Impact Indicator
Impacts Containers Collection Transport Landfilling

WE 0.2 0.5 0.7 98.6
DNRR 8.6 27.9 40.8 22.7
AA 2.3 31.6 29.9 36.2
GE 0.1 0.6 0.6 98.7
AE 7.8 7.7 12.4 72.1
HT 2.1 9.3 16.8 71.8
TE 13.3 27.0 46.7 13.1
DOL 0.0 0.4 0.3 99.3
POF 0.8 3.6 3.2 92.5

100%
90%
80%
70%
60% Landfilling
Transport
50%
Collection
40% Containers
30%
20%
10%
0%
WE DNRR AA GE AE HT TE DOL POF

FIGURE 8.3 Stages’ contribution (%) in each impact indicator.

directly and indirectly consumed (e.g., zinc, oil, natural gas, etc.), transport and
collection of wastes being the main contributors to this indicator.
Free discharge of biogas, estimated at 50% of the total generated in the landfill,
and its associated methane air emissions is the main contaminant contributor to the
GE indicator. Biogas is also composed by other contaminants such as CFC 12, which
is the main contributor to the DOL indicator, and ethylene, hydrocarbons and aro-
matic hydrocarbons are the main contributors to the POF indicator. Also, free
discharge of biogas (estimated at 50%) and leachate (estimated at 20%) have other
associated atmospheric and water emissions; the presence of trichloroethane in
biogas and ammonia in leachate are the main contaminant contributors to the HT
indicator and cadmium and chromium in lechate are the main contaminant contrib-
utors to the AE indicator.

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