Page 310 - Intelligent Digital Oil And Gas Fields

258 Intelligent Digital Oil and Gas Fields

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pressure (P e ) in each segment. Also the test can be useful to calibrate a virtual
PLT data.

7.5.2 Virtual PLT
Wireline PLTs are mechanical and electronical devices, such as turbines or
spinners, which rotate at the fluid flow velocity. The PLT is used to register
the fluid velocity and the fluid pressure and temperature per interval. The
tool is calibrated using PVT data and down-hole tubular data to estimate
the fluid flux per interval. The tools are frequently logged to measure the
influx per interval and identify intervals with unwanted fluids or intervals
with very low production targets (Fig. 7.8). Running a PLT in a horizontal
section can be an expensive and risky operation. Smart wells are commonly
equipped with pressure and temperature gauges at each ICV, which can
reduce the number of well interventions needed to run PLTs. In this sce-
nario, a steady-state hydraulic simulator can be used to evaluate the velocity,
pressure drop, and production influx per interval and therefore identify the
flow regime to create a virtual PLT based on a physical model. In this sense,
the model should be set up with rock and PVT properties across the lateral

3400 3500 3600 3700 3800 3900 4000

Fig. 7.8 Representation of a virtual PLT in a horizontal well.