Page 5 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

Contents

Preface xix

1 Environmental Life Cycle Assessment: Background and Perspective 1
Gjalt Huppes and Mary Ann Curran
1.1 Historical Roots of Life Cycle Assessment 1
1.2 Environmental Life Cycle Concepts 2
1.3 LCA Links to Environmental Policy 3
1.4 Micro Applications of LCA Rising 5
1.5 The Micro-Macro Divide 5
1.6 Macro Level LCA for Policy Support 6
1.7 Example Biofuels 7
1.8 Why Environmental LCA? 8
1.9 Overview of the Book 11
1.9.1 Methodology and Current State of LCA Practice 11
1.9.2 LCA Applications 12
1.9.3 LCA Supports Decision Making and Sustainability 13
1.9.4 Operationalizing LCA 13
References 14

Part 1: Methodology and Current State of LCA Practice

2 An Overview of the Life Cycle Assessment Method - Past, Present,
and Future 15
Reinout Heijungs and Jeroen B. Guinee
2.1 The Present-Day LCA Method 15
2.1.1 Goal and Scope Definition 17
2.1.2 Inventory Analysis 18
2.1.3 Impact Assessment 22
2.1.4 Interpretation 27
2.1.5 LCA in Practice 29
2.2 A Short History of LCA 30
2.2.1 Past LCA (1970-2000): Conception and Standardization 30
2.2.1.1 1970-1990: Decades of Conception 30
2.2.1.2 1990-2000: Decade of Standardization 31
2.2.2 Present LCA (2000-2010): Decade of Elaboration 32
2.2.3 Future LCA (2010-2020): Decade of Life Cycle
Sustainability Analysis 34
References 37