Page 10 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

CONTENTS

12.2.2 Life Cycle Inventory/Life Cycle Assessment in Mining
and Processing 272
12.2.2.1 Corporate Initiatives 272
12.2.2.2 Association Initiatives 273
12.2.2.3 Supply Chain and Voluntary Initiatives 274
12.2.2.4 Market Positioning and Advocacy 276
12.2.3 Life Cycle Management 276
12.3 What is LCA and LCM Information Being Used for? 279
12.3.1 Internal Decision Taking 280
12.3.2 External Decision Taking 281
12.4 Gaps and Constraints 284
12.4.1 Methodological Considerations 284
12.4.2 Value Chain Structures 286
12.5 Conclusions and Recommendations 288
References 289

Sustainable Preservative-Treated Forest Products,
Their Life Cycle Environmental Impacts, and End of
Life Management Opportunities: A Case Study 291
Christopher A. Bolin
13.1 Introduction 291
13.2 Life Cycle Inventory Analysis 293
13.2.1 Forestry and Milling 293
13.2.1.1 Forestry 293
13.2.1.2 Milling 294
13.2.1.3 Properties of Wood 295
13.2.2 Preservative Manufacture and Treatment
of Lumber Products 296
13.2.3 Preservative-Treated Wood Product Service Life 299
13.2.4 End of Life Management 299
13.2.4.1 Landfill Disposal 299
13.2.4.2 Reuse 300
13.2.4.3 Reuse for Energy 300
13.3 Energy Reuse Considerations 301
13.3.1 Chemicals in Preservative-treated Wood 301
13.3.1.1 Lumber Containing Copper-Based
Preservative 301
13.3.1.2 Lumber Containing Boron-Based
Preservatives 301
13.3.2 Lumber Collection at the End of Service Life 302
13.4 Case Study Scenarios 302
13.5 Carbon Accounting, Impact Indicator Definition,
and Classification 303
13.5.1 Carbon Accounting 303
13.5.2 Fossil Fuel Usage 304
13.5.3 Total Energy 304
13.5.4 Other Impact Indicators Assessed 305