Page 12 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

CONTENTS

Life Cycle Assessment as a Tool in Food Waste Reduction
and Packaging Optimization - Packaging Innovation
and Optimization in a Life Cycle Perspective 345
Ole Jörgen Haussen, Hanne Moller, Erik Svanes
and Vibeke Schakenda
16.1 Introduction 345
16.2 Food Waste and Packaging Optimization
in a Life Cycle Perspective 346
16.3 Principles and Models for Optimal Packaging
in a Life Cycle/Value Chain Perspective 350
16.4 Case Studies on LCA of Food Waste and Packaging Optimization 354
16.4.1 Case Studies on Packaging Optimization and
Food Waste Reduction? 354
16.4.2 Case Study on Coffee Packing and Distribution 355
16.4.2.1 Packaging System and Effects of Implemented
Improvement Options 355
16.4.2.2 Effects of 20% Improvement in Strategies
for Packaging Optimization 356
16.4.3 Case study on Packing and Distribution of Whole Pieces
of Cheese 356
16.4.3.1 Optimization of Degree of Filling on Pallet
for Cheese Packaging 357
16.4.3.2 Effects of 20% Improvement in Strategies
for Packaging Optimization 358
16.4.3.3 Comparison of the Value Chain for
Whole Pieces of Cheese and Sliced Cheese
and the Corresponding Packaging 359
16.4.3.4 Effects of 20% Improvement in Strategies for
Packaging Optimization 360
16.4.4 Case Study on Salad Packing and Distribution 361
16.5 Discussion and Conclusions 363
References 366

Integration of LCA and Life-Cycle Thinking within the Themes
of Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 369
Shawn Hunter, Richard Helling and Dawn Shiang
17.1 Introduction 369
17.2 The Four Themes of Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 370
17.3 Life Cycle Assessment as a Tool for Evaluating
SC&E Opportunities 376
17.3.1 Importance of Life Cycle Thinking for SC&E 376
17.3.2 What is the Value of a Renewable Feedstock? 378
17.3.2.1 Natural Oil-Based Polyols 378
17.3.2.2 Sugarcane-Based Polyethylene 380
17.3.3 How Important is the Project Team's Piece
of the Life Cycle? 381