Page 261 - Lignocellulosic Biomass to Liquid Biofuels

CHAPTER 7

Fischer Tropsch synthesis

of syngas to liquid hydrocarbons

1,2
1
1,2
Sanjeet Mehariya , Angela Iovine , Patrizia Casella ,
3
3
2
Dino Musmarra , Alberto Figoli , Tiziana Marino , Neeta Sharma 4
and Antonio Molino 1
1
ENEA, National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,
Department of Sustainability, Portici, Italy
2
Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Aversa, Italy
3
CNR, Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council, University of Calabria, Rende,
Italy
4
ENEA, National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development,
Department of Sustainability, ENEA Research Centre Trisaia, Rotondella, Italy
Contents
7.1 Introduction 217
7.2 Fischer Tropsch chemistry and reaction 220
7.3 Roles of catalyst during Fischer Tropsch synthesis 221
7.3.1 Role of iron catalyst 222
7.3.2 Role of Co catalyst 226
7.4 Kinetic modeling of Fischer Tropsch synthesis 229
7.4.1 Kinetics of Fe- and Co-based catalysts 231
7.4.2 Kinetics of water gas shift reaction 233
7.5 Process simulation for Fischer Tropsch synthesis 235
7.6 Carbon nanofibers/Carbon felt reactors 236
7.7 Conclusions and perspectives 239
References 239

7.1 Introduction

In a growing economy, the prime issue of concern is the rapid depletion
of fossil fuels due to urbanization and industrialization, which gradually
increases the prices of crude oil [1 5]. Transportation represents the
second largest sector for the global energy consumption. The predicted
fraction of global transportation fuel will be increased from 54% in 2008
to 60% by 2035, which corresponds to 82% of the overall surge in global
liquid fuel consumption [6]. These directives are forcing to develop

Lignocellulosic Biomass to Liquid Biofuels © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815936-1.00007-1 All rights reserved. 217