Page 264 - Lindens Handbook of Batteries
P. 264
11.2 pRIMARy BATTERIES
TABLE 11.1 Major Advantages of Alkaline-Manganese
Dioxide Battery Compared to Carbon-Zinc Battery
Higher energy density
Superior service performance at all drain rates, higher capacity
Superior cold-temperature performance
Lower internal resistance
Longer shelf life
Less leakage
110
105
Percent of 1998 100
95
90
1998 2000 2002 2004 2007
FiguRE 11.1 Historical trend in alkaline low-to-moderate rate performance. (Courtesy of Energizer, Inc.)
140
130
Percent of 1998 120
110
100
90
1998 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
FiguRE 11.2 Historical trend in alkaline high-tech performance (Courtesy of Energizer, Inc.)
However, in recent years, the alkaline cell system has new primary competition in powering por-
table devices, including the panasonic Oxyride battery, launched in 2005, and the Duracell powerpix
®
®
battery, which are both based on the nickel oxyhydroxide addition to the cathode formulation. These
batteries are claimed to last twice as long as the typical alkaline cell and provide sufficient power for
the higher-drain devices. Details about this new system will be discussed in a later section. In addition,
