Page 260 - Lindens Handbook of Batteries

10.12 priMAry bATTerieS

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420 mAh/g and >90% capacity retention after 50 1 mA (0.42 mA/cm of cathode area) constant-
current discharge/charge cycles from 1 to 3 V.

10.7 ALUMINUM PRIMARY BATTERIES

experimental work on Al/MnO primary or dry batteries was concentrated on the D-size cylindrical
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battery using a construction similar to the one used for the Mg/MnO battery (Fig. 10.3). The most
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successful anodes were made of a duplex metal sheet consisting of two different aluminum alloys.
The inner, thicker layer was more electrochemically active, leaving the outer layer intact in the event
of pitting of the inner layer. The cathode bobbin consisted of manganese dioxide and acetylene black,
wetted with the electrolyte. Aqueous solutions of aluminum or chromium chloride, containing a
chromate inhibitor, were the most satisfactory electrolytes.
Aluminum active primary batteries were never produced commercially. While the experimental
aluminum batteries delivered a higher energy output than conventional zinc batteries, anode corro-
sion, causing problems on intermittent and long-term discharges and irregularities in shelf life, and
the voltage-delay problem restrained commercial acceptance. Aluminum/air batteries are covered in
Chap. 33.

REFERENCES

1. J. L. robinson, “Magnesium Cells,” in N. C. Cahoon and G. W. Heise (eds.), The Primary Battery, Vol. 2,
Wiley-interscience, New york, 1976, Chap. 2.
2. G. r. Hoey and M. Cohen, “Corrosion of Anodically and Cathodically polarized Magnesium in Aqueous
Media,” J. Electrochem. Soc. 105:245 (1958).
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35th Power Sources Symp., ieee, New york, 1992, p. 18–21.
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(1988).
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Dekker, New york, 1974, Chap. 4.
9. r. r. balaguer and F. p. Schiro, “New Magnesium Dry battery Structure,” in Proc. 20th Power Sources
Symp., Atlantic City, NJ, 1966, p. 90.
10. r. r. balaguer, “Low Temperature battery (New Magnesium Anode Structure),” report: eCOM-03369-F, 1966.
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batteries—a Competitive Alternative to Lithium?” Electrochimica Acta 45, (September 1999).
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