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                      will do what leaders have always done: use the tools at hand to get
                      the job completed. It’s figuring out the best ways to be “present,” as
                      Senge thinks of it, with workers who are half a world away, whether
                      that’s through regular face-to-face meetings, telepresence technology,
                      or e-mail. If you’re Bill Avey, you establish that presence in many
                      ways, but it always includes developing a personal relationship. “You
                      can’t always talk about work,” he says. On Monday he’ll ask people
                      how their weekend went, and on Friday afternoon he’ll ask them what
                      they’re doing over the weekend. He shares that kind of information
                      about himself too. “Somehow you have got to inject the watercooler
                      on to the telephone.”
                         Bill, for whom telepresence through Halo is a way of life, believes
                      that nothing totally takes the place of actual presence.
                         “If you never go to dinner, you don’t know about people’s personal
                      lives,” he says, “and if you never know about their personal lives, you
                      never make those connections.”
                         When working cross-culturally, this is even more important.
                      “People take pride,” Bill says. “You know, every time I go to Guadala-
                      jara they’re going to take me to La Distillere. And they’re so proud of
                      it and it’s part of the experience.” When you are working around the
                      world, he believes, the rules aren’t exactly the same. “I’ve got to believe
                      that people that are closer and develop relationships are always going
                      to be at an advantage over those that aren’t.”
                         “Going to dinner” seems symbolic of the idea of developing per-
                      sonal relationships in whatever way possible. For Bill Avey, and for so
                      many others we’ve interviewed, those relationships form the backbone
                      necessary for effectively leading a mobile workforce.





                          ` summAry


                      If you are a successful manager of a geographically dispersed work-
                      force, we don’t have to tell you that leading it is far more than master-
                      ing the available technology. It is also very much about reducing the
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