Page 171 - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology - Kalpakjian, Serope : Schmid, Steven R.

|50 Chapter 5 Ferrous Metals and Alloys: Production, General Properties, and Applications

SYNTHESIS, DESIGN, AND PROIECTS

5.39. Based on the information given in Section 5.5.1, make 5.43. In the past, Waterfowl hunters used lead shot in their
a table with columns for each improved property, such as Shotguns, but this practice resulted in lead poisoning of un-
hardenability, strength, toughness, and machinability. In each shot birds that ingested lead pellets (along with gravel) to
column, list the elements that improve that particular property help them digest food. Steel and tungsten are being used as re-
and identify the element that has the most influence. placement materials. If all pellets have the same velocity upon
exiting the shotgun barrel, what concerns would you have
5.40. Assume that you are in charge of public relations for a regarding this substitution of materials? Consider both
large steel-producing company. Outline all of the attractive
characteristics of steels that you would like your customers to performance and environmental effects.
be informed about. 5.44. Aluminum is being used as a substitute material for
steel in automobiles. Describe your concerns, if any, in pur-
5.4l. Assume that you are in competition with the steel in-
dustry and are asked to list all of the characteristics of steels chasing an aluminum automobile.
that are not attractive. Make a list of those characteristics 5.45. In the 1940s (The Second World War), the Yamato
and explain their relevance to engineering applications. was the largest battleship ever built. Find out the Weight of
this ship, and estimate the number of automobiles that could
5.42. Section 5.5.1 noted the effects of various individual el-
ements, such as lead alone or sulfur alone, on the properties have been built from the steel used in this one ship alone.
and characteristics of steels. What was not discussed, however, Estimate the time it would take to cast that much steel by
was the role of combinations of these elements (such as lead continuous casting.
and sulfur together). Review the technical literature, and pre- 5.46. Search the technical literature, and add more parts and
pare a table indicating the combined effects of several ele- materials to those shown in Table 5.1.
ments on steels.