Page 172 - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology - Kalpakjian, Serope : Schmid, Steven R.

Nonferrous Metals

and Alloys:

Properties, and

Applications

6.I Introduction |5|
° Nonferrous metals include a wide variety of materials, ranging from aluminum 6.2 Aluminum and Aluminum
to zinc, with special properties that are indispensable in many consumer and Alloys |52
commercial products. 6.3 Magnesium and
Magnesium Alloys |57
° This chapter introduces each class of nonferrous metal and its alloys, and 6.4 Copper and Copper
briefly describes their methods of production. Alloys |58
6.5 Nickel and Nickel
¢ Their physical and mechanical properties are then summarized, along with
Alloys |60
general guidelines for their selection and applications, together with several
6.6 Superalloys |6|
examples 6.1 Titanium and Titanium
° Shape-memory alloys, amorphous alloys, and metal foams are also described, Alloys |62
6.8 Refractory Metals and
with examples of their unique applications.
Alloys |63
6.9 Beryllium |64
6.l0 Zirconium |64
6.| Introduction 6.|| Low-me|tingA|loys |64
6.12 Precious Metals |66
6.l3 Shape-memory Alloys
Nonferrous metals and alloys cover a wide range, from the more common metals (Smart Materials) |66
(such as aluminum, copper, and magnesium) to high-strength, high-temperature 6.I4 Amorphous Alloys
(Metallic Glasses) |67
alloys (such as those of tungsten, tantalum, and molybdenum). Although generally
6.I5 Metal Foams |67
more expensive than ferrous metals (Table 6.1), nonferrous metals and alloys have
EXAMPLE:
numerous important applications because of properties such as good corrosion resist-
ance, high thermal and electrical conductivity, low density, and ease of fabrication 6.| An All-aluminum
Automobile |56
(Table 6.2). Typical examples of nonferrous metal and alloy applications are alu-
minum for cooking utensils and aircraft bodies, copper wire for electrical power
cords, zinc for galvanized sheet metal for car bodies, titanium for jet-engine turbine
blades and for orthopedic implants, and tantalum for rocket engines.
As an example, a turbofan jet engine for the Boeing 757 aircraft typically con-
tains the following nonferrous metals and alloys: 38% Ti, 37% Ni, 12% Cr, 6% Co,
5% Al, 1% Nb, and 0.02% Ta. Without these materials, a jet engine (Fig. 6.1) could
not be designed, manufactured, and operated at the power and efficiency levels
required.
This chapter introduces the general properties, the production methods, and
the important engineering applications for nonferrous metals and alloys. The manu-
facturing properties of these materials (such as formability, machinability, and weld-
ability) are described in various chapters throughout this text.

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