Page 75 - Materials Science and Engineering An Introduction

References • 47

Processing/Structure/Properties/Performance Summary

In this chapter, we noted that the electron configuration of an atom influences the type
of bonds that it forms with other atoms. Bonding type also affects other structural ele-
Tutorial Video: ments of the material: for silicon, its electron band structure (Chapter 18); for polymeric
Bonding and materials (i.e., fibers), their molecular structures (Chapter 14). These relationships are
Properties
represented in the following concept maps.
Silicon Electron configuration Covalent bonding Intrinsic electron
Semiconductors (Chapter 2) (Chapter 2) band structure
(Structure) 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 2 (Chapter 18)
2
2
2
2
H H

Energy

Polymer Fibers Electron configurations: C, H Covalent bonding Polymer molecules
(Structure) (Chapter 2) (Chapter 2) (Chapter 14)
2
2
2
1s 2s 2p ,
1s 2 H H

Important Terms and Concepts

atomic mass unit (amu) electron state periodic table
atomic number (Z) electropositive polar molecule
atomic weight (A) ground state primary bond
Bohr atomic model hydrogen bond quantum mechanics
bonding energy ionic bond quantum number
coulombic force isotope secondary bond
covalent bond metallic bond valence electron
dipole (electric) mole van der Waals bond
electron configuration Pauli exclusion principle wave-mechanical model
electronegative

REFERENCES

Most of the material in this chapter is covered in college-level Jespersen, N. D, J. E. Brady, and A. Hyslop, Chemistry: Matter
chemistry textbooks. Two are listed here as references. and Its Changes, 6th edition, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2012.
Ebbing, D. D., S. D. Gammon, and R. O. Ragsdale, Essentials
of General Chemistry, 2nd edition, Cengage Learning,
Boston, MA, 2006.

Note: In each chapter, most of the terms listed in the Important Terms and Concepts section are defined in the Glos-
sary, which follows Appendix E. The other terms are important enough to warrant treatment in a full section of the
text and can be found in the Contents or the Index.