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4. Microtransduction: actuation and sensing                       259
         Problem 4.9
             Find the net  effect on  a  loop  having the  geometry  shown in Fig.  4.61
         (where R = l/2) and carrying a current I when subject to an external field B.














                       Figure 4.61  Loop carrying a current in a magnetic field

         Answer:
             Rotation of the loop about an  in-plane direction perpendicular on B and
         passing through the semi-circle center; total moment

         Problem 4.10
             Find the deflection at the midpoint of the microbridge shown in Fig. 4.62,
          which is  produced by  the  interaction between the  fields of a  permanent
         magnet  attached to  the microbridge and  the fixed coil  carrying a current
          The microcantilever cross-section is defined by a width w and a thickness t.

















                Figure 4.62  Magnetic-electromagnetic  interaction  via  flexible microbridge

          Answer:




          Problem 4.11
              A microcantilever is magnetized as indicated in Fig. 4.39  (c).  Determine
          the actuation effects at the free end when the external filed is defined by the
          law:           and  the  magnetic  field source is located underneath the free
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