Page 324 - Membranes for Industrial Wastewater Recovery and Re-Use

Index 289

sodiumchloride 172,204,232, seealso sulphate 64, 65. 67,83,175,275
desalination cooling and boiler feedwater 81.86, 89.90.
sodium hexametaphosphate (Calgon) 64-6 5 94.241,247.275
sodium hydroxide 106,253.273 pulp effluent 11 5,2 75
sodiumhypochlorite69,137.233.273,seealso semiconductor industry 267
hypochlorite sulphatepulpingprocess 104, 105, 117
sodium hyposulphate 68 sulphides 134.145,146. 175
sodiumsulphide 106 sulphitepulpingprocess 104, 105,109,115.
sodium thiosulphate 65,104 116,125
softening 5.60,65,67,96.167,254,261,see sulphonated poly(ether ether ketone) see SPEEK
also lime 22
software sulphonatcd poly(cthcr cthcr sulphonc) sre
designs for RO 61,172-1 86,217-220,222 SPEES 2 2
water pinch analysis 186-2 12 sulphur dioxide acidifier 90
sol-gel processes 18,19 sulphuricacid69,90, 105. 137, 140, 179.233.
solubility61,62, 90, 173.175, 188 251.267
solution-diffusion model 40-41,42-43,172 supported liquid membranes (SLMs) 18-1 9
solvents22.66.139,150 surfactants68, 69. 136, 137,150,242,273
Somicon 22 suspended solids 60,67
sonic tests 234 food and beverage industry 2 56-2 5 7.2 75
sorption-capillary flow 4 1 microelectronics industry 266
South Africa 147,150,154,200 powerindustry229,233,249,275
South Wigston (UK)250-254.270-275 pulpandpaperindustry110.112,114.117,
spacers 58,173 244,275
Spain 6 textileindustry 150,202,204,206,253
SPEEK see sulphonated poly(ether ether ketone) see also TSS
SPEES see sulphonated poly(ether ether Swansea (University of Wales) 174
sulphone) Sweden 6,117
spiral-wound membranes 2 7-2 8.60 synthetic textiles 135, 138. 140
foodandbeverageindustry256,259
power industry 230,234,272 T
pulpandpaperindustry119,121,249,272 Taio Paper Co. 1 16
textileindustry252,272 talc 123-124
staging 52-54, 176. 178,221 TAM1 2 7
stagnant region 46-47. SO, seealso boundary Tampa waste-to-energy facility (Florida) 9 8
layer tartrate 13 9
starchesbh, 122. 135, 136,138,146, 148,see TDS5.175,217.219-220,222
also sizes foodandbeverageindustry 160,162,275
statutory requirements. 3. seealso legislation power industry 2 3 1.2 33,240-2411 2 75
steam raising 6, seealso boiler feedwater pulp and paper industry 2 75
steam sterilisation 70 textileindustry 134,253,275
steam in textile manufacture 204 see also dissolved solids
stearates 139 Teflon Typar (Tetratec) membrane 123-124
steel93,151 temperature 87,94,204,273
sterilisation 19, 66,259, 268 Texas (Guadelope power plant) 99
sterols 123 Texas Utilities (TXU) 228
sterylesters 123 textileindustry 132-158
sticky residues in recovered paper 105,113 dyewaster water recycling case study 2 50-
Stiff and Davis Index 64 2 54.270-275
Stokes-Einstein equation 48 water pinch case study 201-209
Stora Kabel 11 7 TFC see thin-film composite (TFC) layer
StoraEnso Uetersen 11 7 thermomechanical pulping (TMP) 104. 1 OX,
streptococci 2 3 3 109
stretching (extrusion) 18.19 thin-filmcomposite (TFC) layer 16.19.69
strontium 64,175 thiosulphate 65,104
submergedmembrane bioreactors (SMBR) 10. thresholdinhibitors 67.173
11,24, 30-31,46. 58, 59, 150,255-256,see titanates 139
also immersed membrane systems titania 30
substrates 20, 30 titanium 18
sugars 17. 108, 112,116.121,249 titanium dioxide microfiltration membrane 15 3,
suint 1 3 8 154