Page 321 - Membranes for Industrial Wastewater Recovery and Re-Use

286 Membranesfor Industrial Wastewater Recovery and Re-use

nickel salts 62 paper industry 3.4.105-106,113,241-244
nitrate96, 165, 241 industrial water demand 4
nitric acid 69 producttypes 102,106,108,113,117,241
nitrogen96. 107, 109, 114,204,275 see also recovered paper
Nitto 22 Paques 2 72
NOMsee natural organic matter paraffin wax 139
NoritX-flow 259,272 parasite-control chemicals 13 7
North Carolina 149, 154 particle bombardment 18.22
Norway 11 6.150 particlecount 5, 230
Norway spruce (Piceaabies) pulping 108 particleshape 123-124
nuclear power stations 98.99 particle size 5 1
Nuclepore membranes 22-23 particle transport 52, see also mass tranfer
nutrients65,81,82,83,91,95,96, Pasfrost vegetable processing plant
107
nylon fibres 143 (Passchendaele. Belgium) 2 57-261
nylon-based filter 2 1 pasteurisers 160
pathogen removal 9 7
0 PCIMembranes 28,272
oilandgreasel34,136, 137,140, 146,seealso PCI Memtech 160.16 1
fats, oil and grease PECO Energy nuclear generating station
Oklahoma University 200 (Pennsylvania) 99
once-throughcooling systems 78, 79,93,95, pectins66, 136
98 PEEK 2 2
ophthalmic products 166 Pennsylvania, PECO Energy nuclear generating
optimisation, pinch methodology 201.206- station 99
209 pentachlorephenols 136,138, 143
organic acid cleaners 69 peptic matter 138
organic acid foulants 69,90,235 permanganate value (PV) 166
organic carbon see TOC permeability 15, 19, 37, seealsomembrane
organicmatter 60, 66,67,68,81 permeability
food and beverage industry 16 1 permeateflux 174, 175, 177, 181,seealsoflux
microelectronics industry 266 permeate quality 1 74, 18 1,2 3 1
powerindustry81.82.91,95.97,233.256 permeate stream 33
pulpandpaperindustry 108,121,125 permselectivity 15, 16, 19,20. 34, 177, 178
see also biological matter: natural organic gel layer 3 7
matter (NOM) peroxyacetic acid 70
organic nanofiltration membranes 22 pervaporation (PV) 9,14. 16, 19
organic polymeric media 24 PES 50Hmembrane 123
organic solvents 22,66,150 pesticides 17, 1 3 7
organochlorine chemicals 13 7 PET 19,22-23
organophosphates 137 Peterborough (UK) 228
ortho-chloromethylated polymer 2 1 petrochemicalindustry 76. 92-93. 98, 209
orthophosphates 94 petroleum spirit 138
Osmonics22. 119.121.153. 174, 179, 185. pH5.l9-20.22,38.174.175.273.275
246,251,272 automotive industry 264
osmoticpressure37.43. 54, 172, 173,174, food and beverage industry 160,162,163.
175 261,275
oxalate 138 andfouling 58,61,63,64, 69
oxalic acid 69 powerindustry81.86.88,90,94.96,229,
oxidants 67, 68, 69, 104,105 230,239,240,241,275
oxidation20-21,91,93, 146-148,251,266, pulpandpaperindustry 106,112,122,242,
267. seealso chemical oxidation 275
ozonation 84.91, 104. 125. 147. 148. 149. insoftwaredesign 174.175. 179,217
206 textile processeffluent 134. 145, 146.275
pharmaceuticalindustry 6.9.61.163-170.
P 209
PA 50H membrane 12 3 phase inversion process 19
PacificPower232.236 phenols 122,134,139,145,146
packaging 115,159-160.166 phosphates 69.81,86,89,90,94,267
paint see coating materials: pigments phosphonates 65
Pall21.31. 161,272 phosphonocarboxylic acid 69
Palo Verde nuclear power plant (AZ) 98 phosphoric acid 69