Page 316 - Membranes for Industrial Wastewater Recovery and Re-Use

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chlorinated compounds 139 2 17-220,222, see also software
chlorinated rubber 139 concentration gradient 34,36
chlorination 67, 160, 162,229.259 concentration polarisation (CP) 36-39,45-51,
chlorine20,22,65.66,67, 69-70, 89,91, 53.61
235.266 classicalmodel41,45-50
bleachingofpulp 104.105. 106-107 coefficient 175
in mechanical pulp water 11 2 modified model 50-5 1
residual 83-84,162 insoftwaredesign172, 173, 174, 175. 176,
chlorinedioxide 104,105,107,253 180,181,213
chloramines 139 concentration ratio 86-88,93
chloroether 2 1 condensatecooling 76,161,232,237
chloroform 22 conductivity 5
chromium62.134,145.146.251-254 food and beverage industry 23 1,2 60
CIP(cleaninp1ace) 6,28, 70,160. 161, 167- microelectronics 267,268
168.169, 170,230,239,seeulsocleaning pharmaceuticalindustry 165,167,170
circulation water SPP white water power industry 229
citric acid 68, 69, 90,235 pulpandpaper industry 112,241.275
clarification 206,229, 238 continuous deionisation (CDI) 32
clays 32, 51.60,122,123,251 continuous microfiltration (CMF) 5 1.11 8
cleaning28,32, 52,56-57.66-70 conversion 33
automotive industry LbL,Lb3-Lb4,L73 cooling 3, 6, 7, 76-79. 85-100, 159,160,204,
food and beverageindustry 256,259,260. 232,255
273 copper 62.81,93
powerindustry234.235.236,273 corrosion80.81.85,89,90.93,95,115. 188
pulpandpaperindustry 117. 121, 246, 249, Costpro software 174, 182
250.273 CoStS4-5,269-271,274
textileindustry252-253.273 automotive industry 2 64
see also backwashing: CIP backflushingandcleaning 67-68,69,234
clogging 35, 59 EDR/RO system for zero liquid discharge 24 1
closed-looprecycling 3-4, 11, 79,99, 145,167, food and beverageindustry 160,161-162.
206,248.261,269,271 257,258,260-261
coagulation 59, 67,271 membrane materials and manufacture 17-
food and beverage industry 162 18,22,175
microelectronics industry 266 membrane use 10-1 1
powerindustry96.229,238 microelectronics industry 265,269
pulp and paper industry 12 5 pulp and paper industry 116.11 7,119,12 5,
textile industry 146-148, 206 242-244.247
coarse bubble aeration 30-31, 58 ofpurification 3,235-237.269
coatingmaterials 102,105, 110, 115, 117- recirculating water treatment 88,116.1 17
118,120,122-124,150,seeulsodyeing software forcosting 182, 198,202
industry: pigments textileindustry 148-149,154,203-207,
cobalt sulphide 62 2 54
Coca Cola Amatil plant (Australia) 160 cotton 136-137, 138.139, 140,143, 146.
COD 5,8 1,2 75 202,241-244
cooling and boiler feedwater 8 1,2 30-23 1 CR(cross-rotationa1)filter 31-32, 116-117.
foodand beverageindustry 258,260,275 118,121,248,272
pulpandpaperindustry 107-109.111-114, cresols 138
116,118-119,243,244,247,249,275 criticalflux39-40. 51, 121,249
textileindustry 134-135. 145-148,150, cross-flow operation 33,36,45.51
202-203,204,251,253,275 andfouling 59,67, 121
Colfloc 2 5 3 and polarisation 38-39
coliforms91. 166,233,235,275 crobs-flow velocity 174. 176, 180,214,242,
colloidalmaterial9.17.44, 50. 51-52,60, 67, 249.263,273
11 3,249, see also dissolved and colloidal cross-rotational filter see CR filter
material cryptosporidia 9, 17
colour 107,108.112.204,275 current density 34
dischargeconsents 134,141,145,250,253, cycles of concentration 86-88
275 cyclohexanol138
see also coating materials: dyeing; pigments
composite membranes 16,19 D
computer-aideddesign. forRO 61, 172-186. DAF see dissolved air flotation