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XVI. FINAL REMARKSA ZbigniewKoczorowski
This review hasbeen restrictedmainlyto clarification ofthe fundamentals
and to presenting a coherent view ofthe actual state ofresearch on voltaic
cells, as well as their applications. Voltaic cells are, or maybe, used in
various branches ofelectrochemistryand surface chemistry, both in basic
and applied research. Theyparticularlyenablp interpretations of the
potentials of various interphase andelectrodeboundaries,including those
that are employed in galvanic and electroanalytical cells.=
As stressed in the introduction, the main difficultyofthe voltaic cell
method of investigating systems is its lack of molecular specificity.
Therefore, complementary information should be obtainedby using tech-
niques sensitive to the polar ordering and arrangement of molecules in a
surface or interfacial layer, such as optical, spectroscopic, and scanning
tunneling microscope methods. 161–165

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author is pleased to acknowledge financial support from the Polish
Committee onScientificResearch(BST-592/19/99).

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