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1.3—
Derivatization for Environmental Contaminants

Kazuo Iwaki
Kanagawa, Japan

1.3.1 Introduction

1.3.2 Environmental Samples 51

1.3.2.1 Gas Sample 51

1.3.2.2 Soil and Various Water Samples

1.3.3 Application 55

1.3.3.1 Aldehydes and Ketones in Air 55

1.3.3.2 Aliphatic Amines in Air 57

1.3.3.3 Residual Pesticides and Herbicides in Soil and Water 59

References 62

1.3.1—
Introduction

In the analysis of environmental contaminants using chromatography, the analysis of GC methods
which are superior to LC methods in separation characteristics and sensitivity have, together with the
rapid popularization of GC/MS, been applied far more widely than in the analysis of bio-chemicals due
to the applicability of many of the analytes to GC.

Recently, in the field of analysis on residual pesticides and herbicides, HPLC has been increasingly
used mainly for pyrolytic compounds and for compounds which require derivatization for GC analysis.
However, the 'HPLC with derivatization' methods focused on by this book, are limited in their
application, about 80% of these are accounted for partly by the determination of residual pesticides and
herbicides and the determination of aldehydes and ketones in the ambient air.

When using chromatography to determine environmental contaminants in environmental samples, the
basic procedures for the sampling and pre-treatment methods in GC are naturally the same as those in
LC. Here below, we introduce the general structure of the pre-treatment for contaminants analysis in
environmental samples, that is the so-called gases (atmosphere, ambient air, etc), various water, and
soil, and some recent applications of the HPLC derivatization methods focused on by this book.

1.3.2—

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