Page 84 - New Trends In Coal Conversion

50 New Trends in Coal Conversion

generation, as a source of carbon for addition in steel making processes, and in direct
smelting of iron processes. Approximately 0.44 Mt of coal are required per Mt of steel
produced.
The iron and steel sector is one of the major CO 2 stationary emitters out of the
power sector where CCS could be installed contributing significantly to the mitigation
effort. The majority of CO 2 emissions arise from the coal consumption in the blast
furnace, although there are other large sources of CO 2 in a steel plant: the internal
power plant, the hot blast stove, the coke oven, etc. Toshiba analyzed the feasibility
of retrofitting a Chinese steel plant to supply 300 t/d of CO 2 for EOR in a nearby
oil field using chemical absorption. Hot blast stove flue gas was identified as the
best heat source to generate the steam for the stripper (see Fig. 2.6). Two CO 2 sources
were evaluated: the lime kiln gas (Fig. 2.6a), which has high CO 2 concentration, and
the hot blast stove flue gas (Fig. 2.6b). According to the study, the cost of capturing
CO 2 from a steel plant is similar to that of other sources (Toshiba, 2015).
The world’s first commercial carbon capture facility in a steel production plant was
launched in the Emirates Steel Industries complex at Mussafah, in the United Arab
Emirates, in 2016. Abu Dhabi CCS project uses a direct reduction iron process with

(a)

Blast
furnace Hot blast stove
CO 2
Absorber HX Stripper
Baghouse DCC
Lime Steam Stack
kiln generator
Hopper

(b)

CO 2
Blast Hot blast stove
furnace
Stack Absorber HX Stripper

Steam
generator
DCC

Figure 2.6 Scheme of possible implementations of CO 2 capture in a steel plant. DCC, direct
contact cooler.