Page 183 - Numerical Analysis and Modelling in Geomechanics

164 C.L.RAMSHAW AND A.R.SELBY

Table 5.3 Examples of bending stresses around pipes due to ovalling.

Figure 5.25 Meshes for pipe deformation analyses.
expressions and guidance given in British Standards and in Eurocode 3 offer
useful methods of site working.
A major benefit of generating realistic, or fully calibrated, waves is the facility
of imposing them onto a range of structural forms, with full soil-structure
interaction. However, reconstruction of the mesh representing the ground may be
necessary to accommodate structures or buried service pipes. Examples of such
reconstructions have been given.

Acknowledgements
Funding from EPSRC grant GR/L 18679/01 is gratefully acknowledged.
Advice on infinite elements has been generously given by Professor Bettess.
Computations on buried pipes were conducted by Mr I.Besford. Data on the M66
and Second Severn Crossing were supplied by Dr D.Hiller.