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202








                                                     a
                              In
                                                                      to
       Th,
                                                                                                       On
                                                                                                                 Ill.
                                                                                   The
                The
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           use.
                                                                  This
                                                                              from
                                                          easy
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                                                                    bins.
              such,
                                       show
                                                            same
                                           3
                                                                                                     GRin
                                               Track
                              the
                                                     best
                          tensity
                                                   tration
                                         service
             it
                                                                                                       the
                                                                        Such
                                                                spectra
                                                              unique
                                             version
                                                                                                   Clavier,
                                               1.
       and
                                                                                       gamma
                                                                                           GAMMA
                                                                        a
             is
           One,
                                                     fit
                                                       on-board
                                                                    The
                                                                          produced
                                           the
                                                                                 formation
         described
                                                                                                     2d
                                QUESTION
                                                                                                          QUESTION
                                                                              each
       K
                                                 gamma
                                                   of  U,
                            responsible
                                                                                                   and
                                                                                   simple
                                                                            occurrences
                          curve
           the
                                                                                     characteristic
                                               both
                                                                                       rays
             still
                                                                                           RAY
                                                         method
                                                     and
                                             of  the
                                                                  spectrum
                                                                            is
                                                                                                                 OPEN-HOLE
                          at
                              example
                                                            spectrum
                            for
                                #10.3
                                                                                                       gamma
                                                 ray
                                                                                                          #10.2
                                                              mixture
                                                   Th,
                                                                                         radioactive
                                                                          that is
                                                                                                     GRpax
                                                         of
           use
                                                                      approximately
                                                            as
                                                                    number
         by  Fert!
                interpretation
                                                                  can
                                         companies
                                      counts/ppm,
                                                                              gamma
                          the
                                             total
                                                                belonging
                                               total
                                                              of
                                                                        spectrum
                                                                                       have
                                                                                                       ray
                                                                      3
                                                                                                   Steiber
                  INTERPRETATION
                                                                                 produces
                            the
                                                   and
                                                       computers
         et
                                                                                   method
                                                                        is
                                                                                                     and
                                      or
                                                                  be
                                                            the
                                                                to
                                                                            plotted
                                                                              ray
                                                   K.
                              shown
                                                                                         decay
                                                       in
                 OF
         al.
           of  the
                                        use
                                                                                                       log
                                                 spectral
                                                                                can
                                                                                   of.
                                                              these
                                                                                                                 LOGGING
                          point
                              in
             developing
                                                                      MeV
                            high
                                                     producing

                                           concentrations
       concentrations
                                                                                                     then
                                                                                     ;
                                             activity
                                                                                be
             at
                                               gamma
                                                                    of gamnzia
                                                 log
                of  natural
                                                                        shown
                                                                                     abundance, as
       in
                                                                                   just
                                           of
                                                                                                   thethods.
                                                                            against
                                      percent.
                                                                  thought
                                                                              enérgy
                                                                          characteristic
                                                                      have
                                             are
                                                         discovering
                                                              three
                                                 is
                                                                                                       shown
         (1980).
                                                       logging
                                               ray
                                                                        in
                                        various
             this
                                                                                           SPECTROSCOPY
                                          U,
                                                           observed
                              figure
                 GAMMA
                                                                    rays
           uranium
                                                                                         produces
                          marked
                                                                uranium,
                            activity
                                                                            the
                                                                                         a
                                                                                carried
                                                                                                       on
                                                                  of  as
                                                                    in
                                                         that
                                                                                       characteristic
                                          Th,
                                                                                a
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                                                                                                     compute
                                                                  a
                                                                          of  the
                                                           one.
                                                                      been
             time.
                                                                              group
                 RAY
                                        units
                          “A.”
                                                       trucks
                                                                        figure
                                                     continuous
           curve
                                                 shown
                              10.12,
                            seen
                                                                              it
                                               activity
                                                                                     expressed
                                                                                  counting
         Another
               ray
                                                                                                                 MEASUREMENTS
           as
                                                                                step
                                          and
                                                 in
                                        for
                                                           The
                                                                                                       figure
                                                       are
                                                                            energy
                                             displayed.
                                                                                         unique
             Two
                                                                      split
                            on
                                                                                                     Vy,  in
                                                              radioactive
                                                                                     in
       combination
                                                                thorium,
                                          K
           an
                                                         unique
                                                                    each  bin
                                                                                       energy
                                                                        10.11,
                                                                  mixture
                                                     curves
                                                                                  how
                                                                    is
                                                           trick
                                               (SGR)

                            the
                                                                      into
                                                                          formation
                 SPECTRA
                                             Units
                                          are
               spectra
                                                 figure
                                                                                                       10.10,
                                                                                further
                                                                                                     sand
                                                                            group,
                                                                and
                                                           is
       with
                              determine
                                                       capable
                                        spectral
                                                                              produces.
             general
                                                                                         gamma
                                                                                     counts
         technique
                                                                                                     C
                                                                            a
                                                                                to
                                                           to
                                               and
                                                                  of  the
                                            are
                                                                      256
                                                             families
                                                                        where
                            total
                                                                                  many
                                                                                       levels
                                                                              If
         is
               logs
           indicator
                                                                                         ray.
                                               a
                                                         mixture.
                                                                    plotted
                 LOGS
                                                                                    per
                                                     showing
                                                 10.12.
               is
         to
       other
                                                                          logged.
                                        logs,
                                                           find
                                            API.
                                                                              the
                                                                                                       choose
               a
                              which
                                                                                                     using
                                                                                count
                                                                  three
                                                                    on
                                                           a
                                                                                       and
                                                                                                       a
                                                             would
                                                     the
                                            In
                                          displayed.
       log
                                                                                    time
                                                       of  quickly
                            gamma
                                                                                         These
                                                                      specific
                                                 Note
                                                                            spectrum
                                                               potassium.
                                                                                  gamma
                                                                                                     the
                                                                    the
         apply
               new
             techniques
                                        which
                                                           quick
                                                             have
                                                                                                       value
                            ray
                                                                                       occur
                                                                            will
               art.
       data
         the
                                                                              number
                                                 that
             are
           of  fractures,
                              element
                                                                                  rays
                                            Tracks
                                                                        energies,from
           is
         U,
       to
               As
                            in-
             in
                                        may
                                          Logging
                                                                                                     linear,


                              is
                                                                            be
                                                                                      in
                                                             the
                                                                                  a
                                                                 individual
                                                               Some
                                                                        0
                                                                    Y-axis.
                                                                                         various
                                                 in
                                                     concen-
                                               uranium-free
                                                                                    period.
                                            2
                                                       finding
                                                         Fortunately,
                                                           and

                                                                              of
                                                                                how  many
                                                                      energy
                                                                                                       for



                                                                                                                203
                                                                                                           API
                                                                                                            GAMMA
                                                                                                           UNITS
                                                                                                            RAY:
                                                                                                                10.
                     FIGURE
                                                                                                                THE
                     10.10
                                                                                                                GAMMA
                     Estimation
                                                                                                                RAY  LOG
                     of Shale
                                                                                                          %
                    Content from
                                                                                                           DENSITY—POROSITY
                    a
                    peor:
                                                                                                           (SANDSTONE)
                    Gamma  Ray  Log.
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