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Chapter 6 One Version of the Truth • 85


            Table 6.2
            Alignment of Revenue

                                  Actual  Plus or Minus  Description
            Gross revenue         10,000
            Net revenue            7,500  –2.500       Discounts
            Net own revenue        6,000  –1.500       Royalties
            Recognized revenue     5,500  –500         Not recognized this period
            Management revenue     6,200  +1.000/–300  From/to other countries
            Total commission revenue  6,800  +600      Double commission (overlay)
            Invoiced amount        8,000   +500        Future revenue
            Cash inflow            8,800               Paid from previous periods
            Statutory revenue      6,300
            CIT/VAT revenue        6,600



              The country manager may see that the difference between gross rev-
            enue and net revenue is about average, and thus discounting has been
            kept within the normal range. However, if we also subtract royalties,
            the manager may consider net own revenue to be rather small. The
            software sold contains components for which royalties are paid to a
            partner. By itself, this is neither good nor bad. It decreases margin, but
            may indirectly improve the value of the relationship, potentially lead-
            ing to acquisition of the partner, and therefore increasing overall rev-
            enue and profitability in the longer term.
              The gap between net revenue and recognized revenue can mean dif-
            ferent things. Usually, it is caused by revenue being recognized in
            future periods, such as maintenance or consulting services. This is per-
            fectly normal. But, it may also tell the manager to what extent internal
            processes are in order. Errors in the sales negotiation process could
            cause this revenue not to be recognized immediately.
              There is also an interesting gap between management revenue and
            commission revenue. Ideally, commission revenue adds up to man-
            agement revenue. This ensures that the sales compensation structure
            (which is located on the cost side of the equation) is aligned with man-
            agement revenue. However, there might be overlay revenue, where
            two salespeople (such as an account manager and a product special-
            ist) each receive 100 percent commission based on the same sales
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