Page 10 - Physical Chemistry

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Chapter 11 REACTION EQUILIBRIUM IN NONIDEAL SYSTEMS 330 Table of Contents

11.1 The Equilibrium Constant 330
11.2 Reaction Equilibrium in Nonelectrolyte Solutions 331
11.3 Reaction Equilibrium in Electrolyte Solutions 332
11.4 Reaction Equilibria Involving Pure Solids
or Pure Liquids 337
11.5 Reaction Equilibrium in Nonideal Gas Mixtures 340
11.6 Computer Programs for Equilibrium Calculations 340
11.7 Temperature and Pressure Dependences of the
Equilibrium Constant 341
11.8 Summary of Standard States 343
11.9 Gibbs Energy Change for a Reaction 343
11.10 Coupled Reactions 345
11.11 Summary 347

Chapter 12 MULTICOMPONENT PHASE EQUILIBRIUM 351

12.1 Colligative Properties 351
12.2 Vapor-Pressure Lowering 351
12.3 Freezing-Point Depression
and Boiling-Point Elevation 352
12.4 Osmotic Pressure 356
12.5 Two-Component Phase Diagrams 361
12.6 Two-Component Liquid–Vapor Equilibrium 362
12.7 Two-Component Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium 370
12.8 Two-Component Solid–Liquid Equilibrium 373
12.9 Structure of Phase Diagrams 381
12.10 Solubility 381
12.11 Computer Calculation of Phase Diagrams 383
12.12 Three-Component Systems 385
12.13 Summary 387

Chapter 13 ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS 395

13.1 Electrostatics 395
13.2 Electrochemical Systems 398
13.3 Thermodynamics of Electrochemical Systems 401
13.4 Galvanic Cells 403
13.5 Types of Reversible Electrodes 409
13.6 Thermodynamics of Galvanic Cells 412
13.7 Standard Electrode Potentials 417
13.8 Liquid-Junction Potentials 421
13.9 Applications of EMF Measurements 422
13.10 Batteries 426
13.11 Ion-Selective Membrane Electrodes 427
13.12 Membrane Equilibrium 429
13.13 The Electrical Double Layer 430
13.14 Dipole Moments and Polarization 431
13.15 Bioelectrochemistry 435
13.16 Summary 436