Page 247 - Principles of Catalyst Development

APPENDIX 2

Glossary of Common Terms In Refining
and Petrochemicals

Activity A measure of the effectiveness of a catalyst, usually (1) rate at standard
conditions, (2) rate constant, (3) activation energy or preexponential factor,
(4) conversion, (5) space velocity for a given conversion, or (6) temperature
for a given conversion.
Alkylates Product of alkylation processes, usually high-octane, branched-chain
hydrocarbons.
Alkylation Upgrading of hydrocarbons by replacing hydrogen with an alkyl
radical.
Aluminum Chloride Treating I mprovement of steam-cracked naphthas using
aluminum chloride as a catalyst; improves color and odor.
Analine Point A test of the paraffinicity of a sample in which the minimum
temperature for complete miscibility of analine and the sample is measured.
Aromatic C)c/opara.ffins Ring hydrocarbons containing a benzene ring attached
to a cycloparaffin through two adjacent carbon atoms.
Aromalization Formation of an aromatic usually from an alicyclic hydrocarbon.
ASTM Distillation A standardized laboratory bath distillation test for naphthas
and middle distillates at atmospheric pressure without fractionation.
Barrel A measure of petroleum equal to 42 U.S. gallons.
Barrels per Calendar Day (BPCD) Average flow rate based on 365 days per year.
Barrels per Stream Day (BPSD) Average flow rate based on actual on-stream
time of a unit.
Battery Limits The periphery of a process unit, including all equipment for the
process.
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