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NOTES  219

              See also, Kareem Raheem and Ziad al-Sinjary, “Al Qaeda Prison Break: Hun-
              dreds of Militants Flee Iraq’s Notorious Abu Ghraib jail,”  NBC News, July
              22, 2013, http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/07/22/19615653-al-
              qaeda-prison-break-hundreds-of-militants-flee-iraqs-notorious-abu-ghraib-
              jail?lite.
           44.  The Economist, “The Unquenchable Fire,” 21–23.
           45.  Tom Whitehead and Peter Foster, “Al-Shabaab Calls for Attacks on Oxford
              Street and Westfield Centres in New Terror Threat,” The Telegraph, February
              22, 2015.
           46.  For a detailed discussion of this point, see Paul K. Kerr and Mary Beth Nikitin,
              “Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons: Proliferation and Security Issues,” Congressional
              Research Service, RL34248, March 19, 2013, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/nuke/
              RL34248.pdf; and Amy F. Woolf, “Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons,” Congres-
              sional Research Service, RL32572 (2012), http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/nuke/
              RL32572.pdf.
           47.  Shaun Gregory, “The Terrorist Threat to Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons,” CTC
              Sentinel 2, 7 (2009). See also, Dean Nelson and Tom Hussain, “Militants
              Attack Pakistan Nuclear Air Base,”  The Telegraph, August 16, 2012, http://
              www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/9479041/Militants-
              attack-Pakistan-nuclear-air-base.html; and Kapil Komireddi, “Take Pakistan’s
              Nukes, Please,” Foreign Policy, May 24, 2011, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/
              articles/2011/05/24/take_ pakistans_nukes_please.
           48.  Joseph Goldstein, “Judge Rejects New York’s Stop-and-Frisk Policy,” The New
              York Times, August 12, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/13/nyre-
              gion/stop-and-frisk-practice-violated-rights-judge-rules.html?pagewanted=
              all&_r=0.
           49.  The New York Times, “Stop-and-Frisk on Trial,” May 21, 2013, http://www
              .nytimes.com/2013/05/22/opinion/stop-and-frisk-on-trial.html?
              ref=stopandfrisk.
           50.  Adam Serwer, “Holder Defends Civilian Courts,”  The American Prospect,
              March 16, 2010; Lavender, “Eric Holder Defends Civilian Trials for Terror-
              ists”; and The Associated Press, “Eric Holder: Critics of Civilian Courts Han-
              dling Terrorism Cases ‘Are Simply Wrong,’”  The Huffington Post, May 11,
              2013, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/11/eric-holder-terrorism-
              cases_n_3260432.html.
           51.  See Matthew Kroenig and Barry Pavel, “How to Deter Terrorism,” The Washington
              Quarterly 35, 2 (2012): 21–36, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2012.665339:
              “In contrast [to the Cold War], deterrence against terrorism can only be partial at
              best. The United States cannot deter all terrorist activity, but as long as Washing-
              ton can deter certain types of terrorists from engaging in certain types of terrorist
              activity, deterrence can contribute to national security goals.”
           52. Robert Pape, Dying to Win: The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism (New York:
              Random House, 2006) ch. 2 and 5.
           53.  Clearly jihadists do not have a monopoly on this type of fanaticism, and
              the American criminal court system handles domestic terrorists, like Wade
              Michael Page who killed six worshippers in a Sikh temple in 2012. But zealots
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