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P. 533
526 Index
E observing, 243–247
Eastman Kodak Company, 273 online dating, researching, 254b
Electrocardiography (EKG), 384 participation, 231, 234–235, 237–241
Electrodermal activity. See Galvanic participatory design, 266
skin response (GSR) physical therapy, 249–250
Electroencephalography (EEG), relationships, building, 241–242
384–385, 385f, 396 repeating, 243–247
Electromyography (EMG), 384, 396 research, 235–248, 240b
Electronic medical records (EMRs), researchers role, 240f
374–375 results, reporting, 247–248
Elicitation diary, 143–145 site/group of interest, selecting, 236–237
Email message, 461 situated action, 233
Email programs, 338, 346 stranger-handlers, 242–243
Embedded case study, 169–170 theorizing, 243–247
Embodied virtuality, 437 timing, 245
Emergent coding approach, 304. triangulation, 232, 243–244
See also Grounded theory usability testing, 239
Emotional contagion, 476 virtual ethnography, 252–256
Empirical evaluation, 40b work settings, 249–250
Empirical research, 2–3 European Commission’s policies, 483
Ethnography, 230 Experimental design
in anthropological studies, 231 between-group design, 49–52, 49f
vs. case-study research, 232 characteristics, 45
complete observer, 239 choosing, 52–55
complete participants, 238 defining, 46f
contact, making, 242–243 dependent variables, 47
deciding, 245 factorial design, 56–57, 56t, 58b
definition, 231 independent variables, 47
deviants, 242–243 interaction effects, 58–59, 59f
educational settings, 250–251 issues, 46–47
face-to-face contact, 241 procedures, 64–65
free-play activities, 250 random errors, 59–60
healthcare settings, 249–250 single independent variable, 48–55
home settings, 248–249 split-plot design, 57, 57t
hospital information system, 234, 238 structure, 47–48, 48f
inductive focus, 231–232 systematic errors, 60–65
informants, 243, 247 within-group design, 49–52, 50f
intensive-care information system, 236 Wizard-of-Oz approach, 47
interviewing, 243–247 Experimental research, 26–27, 27t
iterative process, 246f alternative hypothesis, 28–29
mobile and ubiquitous systems, components of, 32–33
251–252 dependent and independent
notes, taking, 245 variables, 30
observation techniques, 265 empirical evaluation, 40b
